Trigonella caerulea (L.) Ser.

Blue fenugreek (en), Thé d'Europe (fr), Mélilot bleu (fr), Trigonelle bleue (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Fabales > Fabaceae > Trigonella

Characteristics

Annual herbs, 30-60(-80) cm. Stems straight, thick, terete, glabrescent, branched. Leaves pinnately 3-foliolate; stipules subulate-lanceolate; petioles 1-4 cm; leaflets ovate to broadly elliptic, 15-35 × 4-15 mm, sparsely pubescent on midrib abax­ially, glabrous adaxially, lateral veins 8-10 pairs, base cuneate or rounded, margin serrate, apex obtuse or acute. Racemes capitate or ovoid, 10-25-flowered; peduncles axillary, ca. 6 cm, straight, glabrous; bracts bristlelike, ca. 1.5 mm; pedicel ca. 1 mm. Calyx ca. 3 mm, membranous, veins 5. Corolla blue, 5-6 mm; standard longest petal, keel shortest. Ovary ovate, gla­brous; ovules 5-7. Legume ovoid, 2.5-5 × ca. 2.5 mm, apex tapering and beaked, longer than body. Seeds 1 or 2, brown, broadly ovoid, ca. 2 mm, tuberculate. Fl. Jun-Aug, fr. Jul-Sep.
More
A herb. It is a short clover like plant. It is slightly hairy. It grows 30-60 cm tall. The leaves have 3 leaflets. These are oval or oblong and have a notch at the tip. The flowers are blue or occasionally white. They are 5-6 mm long. They are in round heads on long stalks. The pods are rounded and 4-5 mm long. They are inflated and have a short beak.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support -
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread epizoochory
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.6
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Naturalized on waste and arable land. Cultivated and sometimes occurring in weed-infested places, at roadsides, etc.
More
It grows in temperate and Mediterranean places. It grows in waste places. It is cultivated in north China.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 4-6
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 3-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-9

Usage

The shoots and leaves are eaten. They are eaten with oil and salt. The dried flowers are used to give flavour to sapsago cheese. They are also used to flavour bread. It is used as a flavour in soups and potato dishes. It is also used to make a tea. It is used to flavour cheese.
Uses animal food bee plant environmental use flavouring food food additive forage insecticide invertebrate food magical plant medicinal oil spice tea
Edible flowers leaves pods seeds
Therapeutic use Tea (unspecified), Spice (unspecified), Tumor (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings. Seeds needs soaking.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 7 - 14
Germination temperacture (C°) 21
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Trigonella caerulea unspecified picture

Distribution

Trigonella caerulea world distribution map, present in Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Belarus, Canada, Switzerland, China, Ecuador, Estonia, France, Greece, Italy, Lithuania, Latvia, Moldova (Republic of), Mongolia, Russian Federation, Ukraine, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:523910-1
WFO ID wfo-0000214019
COL ID 58R59
BDTFX ID 69506
INPN ID 127555
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Trigonella caerulea Melilotus connatus Trigonella melilotus-coerulea Trifolium caeruleum Trifoliastrum caeruleum Trigonella connata Telis coerulea Folliculigera coerulea Melilotus caeruleus Trigonella coerulea Melilotus coerulea Trigonella melilotus-coeruleus Sertula coerulea Melilotus hortensis Amoria vivianii Teliosma caerulea Trifolium melilotus var. caeruleum Trifolium caerulea Melilotus caeruleus var. connatus Melilotus caeruleus var. densiflorus Teliosma caerulea var. decumbens Trigonella melilotus var. caerulea

Lower taxons

Trigonella caerulea subsp. sativa Trigonella caerulea var. besseriana