Ugni molinae Turcz.

Chilean guava (en), Goyavier du chili (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Myrtales > Myrtaceae > Ugni

Characteristics

Aromatic bushy shrub, 1-2 m high, often suckering profusely. Shoots often reddish when young, later deep brown, densely clothed in short hairs at first. Petiole < 6 mm long, hairy. Lamina 0.7-3.4 × 0.6-2.8 cm, longer and narrower on juvenile shoots, usually broad-ovate to suborbicular, sometimes ovate to elliptic, coriaceous, pale below, dark shining green above, recurved at margins; glabrous except for midrib beneath at first; base rounded to subcordate; apex acute to obtuse. Pedicels 1-1.5 cm long, hairy or nearly glabrous, slender, curved downwards. Bracteoles 3-4.3 mm long, linear-lanceolate. Fls pendent. Calyx lobes 3-4 mm long, lanceolate to ± triangular. Petals 5-7 mm long, pale pink, imbricate, concave, forming a campanulate corolla. Stamens unequal, < style and petals. Fr. 8-14 mm diam., almost globular, rose, becoming dark purplish red; flesh white, sweet.
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A small evergreen shrub. It grows up to 1-1.8 m tall. It spreads 0.9 m wide. The stems are wiry. They are red. The leaves are deep green and glossy. The flowers are urn shaped. The flowers are cream with pink tints. There are 40-60 tiny stamen at the centre. The fruit is similar to cranberry. The fruit are rich red and round. They are 2-3 cm across.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support -
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 0.7 - 1.0
Mature height (meter) 1.0 - 2.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a temperate plant. It will grow in most soils. It is tolerant of moderate frosts. It needs acid soil. It cannot tolerate lime. They do best in cool, moist, humus-rich soils. The soils need to be well-drained. They can grow in sun or part shade. In Argentina it grows between 700-1,500 m above sea level. It suits hardiness zones 8-10. Hobart Botanical Gardens. Arboretum Tasmania.
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Woodland edges and scrub.
Light 5-8
Soil humidity 2-7
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 2-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-10

Usage

The fruit are used for jellies, jam, sauce, drinks and wine. They can be eaten raw. The leaves are used to flavour water. The seeds are used as a coffee substitute.
Uses coffee substitute environmental use food material medicinal
Edible fruits leaves seeds
Therapeutic use Antioxidants (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

It is grown from 13 cm long cuttings. It can also be grown by layering and from seed.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -10
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Ugni molinae leaf picture by moraga danny (cc-by-sa)
Ugni molinae leaf picture by Díaz Villegas Susana (cc-by-sa)
Ugni molinae leaf picture by González Rafael (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Ugni molinae flower picture by González Rafael (cc-by-sa)
Ugni molinae flower picture by Cesar Low (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Ugni molinae fruit picture by Paz Calderón (cc-by-sa)
Ugni molinae fruit picture by Frank Jansen (cc-by-sa)
Ugni molinae fruit picture by vera xime (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Ugni molinae world distribution map, present in Argentina, Chile, New Zealand, and Uruguay

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:602598-1
WFO ID wfo-0000329147
COL ID 7DF7R
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Myrtus molinae Myrtus ugni Ugni bridgesii Ugni lanceolata Eugenia ugni Myrtus ugni var. angustifolia Myrtus ugni var. latifolia Ugni myrtus Ugni ugni Ugni philippii Ugni poeppigii Ugni molinae