Vaccinium stamineum L.

Deerberry (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Ericales > Ericaceae > Vaccinium

Characteristics

Deciduous shrub to 1.5 m, glabrous to densely hairy; lvs thin, oblong or elliptic to obovate, 3–10 cm, acute or acuminate, entire, petioles 2–3 mm; fls in racemes or panicles on specialized branches subtended by leafy bracts like the foliage lvs but usually much smaller; sep half-orbicular to ovate or deltoid, 1–2.5 mm; cor obconic, open even in bud, greenish or suffused with purple, eventually 4–6 mm, 5-lobed nearly to the middle; stamens exsert, the conspicuous terminal tubules long-exsert, much longer than the dorsal spurs; style prematurely exsert; fr yellowish or greenish to blue, to 1 cm, palatable to more often scarcely edible; 2n=24. Dry woods; Me. to Ind. and Mo., s. to Fla., Tex., and Mex. May, June. (Polycodium s.; P. candicans; V. caesium; V. melanocarpum; V. neglectum) Highly variable, some of the numerous segregates perhaps worthy of taxonomic notice.
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Plants frequently crown-forming, suckering when disturbed, forming small or extensive colonies; twigs of current season variously colored, most often green or glaucous, glabrous to densely hairy, sometimes pilose or glandular (not verrucose). Leaf blades usually pale green or glaucous abaxially, green adaxially, elliptic, 20-80 × 9-32 mm, ± membranous, margins usually entire, inrolled on more-coriaceous blades, surfaces glabrous or densely hairy, rarely glandular. Inflorescences 2-7-flowered, sometimes flowers solitary. Pedicels subtended by leaflike bract (ca. as long as flower). Flowers: corolla lobes spreading at anthesis, white to greenish white, sometimes purple veined, 4-8 mm; filaments glabrous or hairy. Berries green, yellow-green, yellow, purple, or black, often lightly glaucous, 7-18 mm diam., sometimes hairy and sparsely glandular. 2n = 24.
A shrub. It forms a crown and develops suckers. It grows 1.2 m tall. It loses its leaves during the year. The leaves are pale green and narrowly oval. They are 2-8 cm long by 1-3 cm wide. There are usually 2-7 flowers in a group. They are white to green. The fruit are green to yellow berries. They can be purple or black. They are 7-18 mm across.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 3.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 0.3
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Sandy, well-drained soil, xeric communities such as dry oak woods, pine barrens, savannahs, dry pine ridges, sparsely wooded bluffs, sand hills, thickets, clearings (usually on acidic substrates, sometimes on limestone); at elevations to 1,700 metres
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It is a temperate plant. It suits USDA hardiness zone 6.
Light 3-6
Soil humidity 2-4
Soil texture 3-6
Soil acidity 1-5
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 5-7

Usage

The fruit are eaten raw or cooked. The fruit although edible are not attractive. They are often bitter.
Uses -
Edible fruits
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) 365
Germination temperacture (C°) 18 - 23
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Vaccinium stamineum habit picture by Eli Small (cc-by-sa)
Vaccinium stamineum habit picture by Brad Kelley (cc-by-sa)
Vaccinium stamineum habit picture by Eli Small (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Vaccinium stamineum leaf picture by Rose Dylan (cc-by-sa)
Vaccinium stamineum leaf picture by bridget marquez (cc-by-sa)
Vaccinium stamineum leaf picture by Brad Kelley (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Vaccinium stamineum flower picture by Eli Small (cc-by-sa)
Vaccinium stamineum flower picture by Fred Myers (cc-by-sa)
Vaccinium stamineum flower picture by Kym Nguyen (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Vaccinium stamineum fruit picture by Rose Dylan (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Vaccinium stamineum world distribution map, present in Canada, Mexico, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:317270-2
WFO ID wfo-0001047109
COL ID 7F8SC
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Vaccinium stamineum var. stamineum Vaccinium stamineum

Lower taxons

Vaccinium stamineum var. affine Vaccinium stamineum var. virginianum Vaccinium stamineum var. austromontanum