Vigna luteola (Jacq.) Benth.

Hairypod cowpea (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Fabales > Fabaceae > Vigna

Characteristics

Perennial climber, 1·2–2·4 m. long.. Stems tough, creeping and bearing adventitious roots below; upper parts glabrescent to rather densely covered with adpressed or spreading hairs.. Leaflets 3, ovate, ovate-elliptic or ovate-lanceolate, more rarely linear-lanceolate, 2·5–10(–11) cm. long, 0·4–5 cm. wide, acute or acuminate at apex, rounded or cuneate at base, sparsely pubescent on both surfaces; venation raised and ± reticulate; petiole 2–8 cm. long; rhachis 0·5–1·2 cm. long; petiolules 2–3 mm. long; stipules ovate-lanceolate, 3–4 mm. long, 2 mm. wide, prolonged below the point of insertion and shortly bilobed at the base.. Inflorescences axillary, few-flowered; rhachis 1·5–5 cm. long; peduncles 5–40 cm. long; pedicels 4–9 mm. long; bracts deciduous, ovate-lanceolate, 1·5–2 mm. long; bracteoles ultimately deciduous, ovate-lanceolate, 1·5–2 mm. long, 1·5 mm. wide, 1-nerved.. Calyx pubescent or glabrescent; tube 3–4 mm. long; lobes deltoid, 2–4 mm. long, the upper pair united into an acute mucronate or rarely divided lip.. Standard yellow or greenish, sometimes tinged red outside, oblate, 1·3–2·5 cm. long, 1·2–2·6 cm. wide, emarginate, glabrous; keel-beak short, obtuse.. Pods linear, 4–8 cm. long.. Rare variants of 14, V. parkeri Bak. subsp. acutifoliola Verdc. with blue flowers would key here but can be distinguished by their short broad fruits, see couplet 46. 5–6·5 mm. wide, very slightly constricted between the 6–9(–12) seeds, sparsely to rather densely adpressed pubescent.. Seeds dark red-brown or grey-brown speckled with black, oblong or ovoid-rhomboid, longest dimension 3–6 mm., shorter dimension 3–4 mm., 2–3·5 mm. thick; hilum oblong; rim-aril not or scarcely developed.
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Twining or trailing perennial herb 1.8-6 m long. Stem sparsely covered with appressed hairs to densely covered with spreading ferruginous hairs, glabrescent. Leaflets 3, 2.5-10 x 0.6-4.5 cm, ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate, more rarely linear-lanceolate, acute to obtuse and mucronate at the apex, rounded or cuneate to truncate at the base, sometimes slightly lobed or subhastate, sparsely pubescent to hairy on both surfaces; petiole 1.5-8.5 cm long; rhachis 0.5-1.8 cm long; stipules 2-5 x 1.5-2 mm, ovate to linear-lanceolate, bilobed at the base, multinerved. Peduncle 12-35 cm × 0.8-3 mm, glabrous; rhachis 1.5-5.5 cm long, 5-15-noded, internodes 1-8 mm long. Flower yellow, 12-20 x 14-22 mm; pedicel 3-7 mm long, expanding as the pod matures; bracteoles 1.5-4 x 1 mm, ovate-lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, 1-3-nerved. Calyx glabrescent to densely hairy; tube 2-4 mm long; lobes 1.5-4 mm long; the lower one almost twice as long as the others, the upper pair united into an acute, rounded and mucronate, or slightly bilobed lip. Standard with two centrally placed appendages; keel slightly twisted towards the right, with a short beak. Ovary 7-12-ovuled, rarely 13-14-ovuled (in Lake Tanganyika area). Pods 5.5-8 cm × 4-6.5 mm, linear, slightly compressed, curved, slightly constricted between the seeds, sparsely to densely covered with spreading ferruginous hairs, with a short curved beak. Seed 3.5-4.5 x 3-3.5 x 2-2.5 mm; hilum almost central, 1.5 mm long, oblong; rim aril not or scarcely developed.
Large scrambling and twining vine; stems tough, glabrous or hirsute, drying sulcate. Leaves pinnate trifoliolate; leaflets ovate, apically acute or obtuse, mu-cronate; basally obtuse, mostly 3-6 cm long, 1-3 cm wide, the costa and proximal portion of the 2 basal lateral veins prominent, other venation inconspicuous, glabrous or somewhat pilose, drying concolorous; petiolules 1-2 mm long, gla-brate; petioles slender, drying angled, glabrate, or somewhat pubescent above, shorter than the terminal leaflet; stipels ovate, ca. 1 mm long, glabrous, not striate. Inflorescences to 20 cm long, peduncle narrowing upwards, glabrate; bracteoles and bracts ovate, ca. 1 mm long, membranaceous and costate, ciliolate to erose; pedicels to 5 mm long, pubescent upwards, condensed at the apex of the peduncle. Flowers yellow; campanulate, the tube 3-6 mm long, glabrous, the teeth ciliate, shorter than the tube, the upper pair united, the others acuminate, the lowermost tooth narrow, slightly longer, glandular; standard 1.5 cm long, emarginate, the keel apically expanded and bent. Legume linear, 4-7 cm long, 5-8 mm wide, turgid, pubescent, maturing black; seeds ovoid, dark, 5-6 mm long, the hilum invaginated, white.
Trailing or twining herbs, 1.2-2.4 m. Stems with upper parts hairy or glabrescent. Stipules lanceolate, 3-4 × ca. 2 mm, 2-lobed at base; petiole 2-8 cm; leaflets ovate, ovate-elliptic, or ovate-lanceolate, rarely linear-lanceolate, 2.5-11 × 0.4-5 cm, sparsely pubescent on both surfaces or glabrous, base rounded or cuneate, margin entire, apex acute or acuminate. Racemes axillary; peduncles 5-40 cm; rachis 1.5-5 cm, 12-20-flowered; pedicels 4-9 mm, hirsute. Bracteoles ovate-lanceolate, 1.5-2 mm. Calyx pubescent or glabrescent; tube 3-4 mm; lobes del­toid, 2-4 mm, upper 2 wholly connate, apex acute or rarely 2-lobed. Standard yellow or greenish, sometimes tinged with red dorsally, oblate, 1.3-2.5 × 1.2-2.6 cm, glabrous, apex emargi­nate; wings obovate; keel shortly beaked. Legumes linear, 4-8 cm × 5-6.5 mm, pubescent, slightly constricted between seeds. Seeds dark brown or gray brown and with black spots, oblong or ovate-rhombic, 3-6 × 2-3.5 mm; hilum oblong.
Perennial climber, 0.3-1.5 m high/long; stems pubescent to glabrescent, hairs soft, silky. Leaflets narrowly to widely ovate, base cuneate, apex obtuse to emarginate. Stipules base cordate, apex acute. Inflorescences of elongated racemes, 3-15-flowered. Flowers yellow. Petals: standard oblate, emarginate. Style prolongation thick, obtuse, tongue-shaped. Flowering time July-Mar. Pod bunched at apex of peduncle, deflexed or spreading, partially compressed, slightly constricted between seeds, pubescent to glabrescent with long, appressed, soft hairs. Seeds 6-9.
A climbing herb. The stems are slender. They are tough and creeping. It keeps growing from year to year. They can be 6 m long. The leaves are alternate and have 3 leaflets. The leaflets are narrowly oval and 3-10 cm long by 1-5 cm wide. The flowers are yellow and like pea flowers. The fruit are long narrow pods. It is 6-8 cm long. They hang down. The seeds are dark red-brown or can be grey brown speckled with black. They are oblong.
Leaflets 3, 2.5–10 × 0.6–4.5 cm, ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate, more rarely linear-lanceolate, acute to obtuse and mucronate at the apex, rounded or cuneate to truncate at the base, sometimes slightly lobed or subhastate, sparsely pubescent to hairy on both surfaces; petiole 1.5–8.5 cm long; rhachis 0.5–1.8 cm long; stipules 2–5 × 1.5–2 mm, ovate to linear-lanceolate, bilobed at the base, multinerved.
Calyx glabrescent to densely hairy; tube 2–4 mm long; lobes 1.5–4 mm long; the lower one almost twice as long as the others, the upper pair united into an acute, rounded and mucronate, or slightly bilobed lip.
Pods 5.5–8 cm × 4–6.5 mm, linear, slightly compressed, curved, slightly constricted between the seeds, sparsely to densely covered with spreading ferruginous hairs, with a short curved beak.
Flower yellow, 12–20 × 14–22 mm; pedicel 3–7 mm long, expanding as the pod matures; bracteoles 1.5–4 × 1 mm, ovate-lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, 1–3-nerved.
Seed 3.5–4.5 × 3–3.5 × 2–2.5 mm; hilum almost central, 1.5 mm long, oblong; rim aril not or scarcely developed.
Stem sparsely covered with appressed hairs to densely covered with spreading ferruginous hairs, glabrescent.
Standard with two centrally placed appendages; keel slightly twisted towards the right, with a short beak.
Peduncle 12–35 cm × 0.8–3 mm, glabrous; rhachis 1.5–5.5 cm long, 5–15-noded, internodes 1–8 mm long.
Ovary 7–12-ovuled, rarely 13–14-ovuled (in Lake Tanganyika area).
Twining or trailing perennial herb 1.8–6 m long.
Yellow flowers
A twiner
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support climber
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 1.65 - 2.25
Root system adventitious-root creeping-root
Rooting depth (meter) 1.5
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer rhizobia
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

A tropical plant. It grows from sea level to 2,200 m altitude. It needs a rainfall of 1,250 mm or more. It grows in water or in permanently waterlogged sites. It can be along the edges of mangroves. It can grow in arid places. In Taiwan it grows below 100 m above sea level.
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Swampy grasslands, among reeds on sandy lake shores, in papyrus swamps, on stream sides and in swamp forest, at elevations from sea-level to 2,200 metres.
In waste places.
Light -
Soil humidity 10-12
Soil texture 5-6
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The roots are eaten raw. They have sweet juice. The flowers are used in savoury dishes. They are cooked and eaten. The young seeds are cooked and eaten.
Uses animal food environmental use experimental purposes fodder food forage gene source medicinal soil improve
Edible flowers pods roots seeds
Therapeutic use Pediatric Aid (flower), Strengthener (flower), Dermatological Aid (unspecified), Respiratory Aid (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings. Seeds needs soaking.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) 20 - 30
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Vigna luteola habit picture by Mélanie Herteman (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Vigna luteola leaf picture by Farid AMADOU BAHLEMAN (cc-by-sa)
Vigna luteola leaf picture by Rina Jeger (cc-by-sa)
Vigna luteola leaf picture by Nelson Zamora Villalobos (cc-by-nc)

Flower

Vigna luteola flower picture by Farid AMADOU BAHLEMAN (cc-by-sa)
Vigna luteola flower picture by Rina Jeger (cc-by-sa)
Vigna luteola flower picture by Kaitlyn (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Vigna luteola fruit picture by Farid AMADOU BAHLEMAN (cc-by-sa)
Vigna luteola fruit picture by Rina Jeger (cc-by-sa)
Vigna luteola fruit picture by claire Felloni (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Vigna luteola world distribution map, present in Angola, Argentina, American Samoa, Burundi, Benin, Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba, Bangladesh, Belize, Brazil, Botswana, Chile, China, Côte d'Ivoire, Cameroon, Colombia, Costa Rica, Egypt, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Equatorial Guinea, Guatemala, French Guiana, Indonesia, India, Kenya, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Liberia, Sri Lanka, Madagascar, Mexico, Myanmar, Mauritius, Malawi, Niger, Nigeria, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Philippines, Papua New Guinea, Réunion, Rwanda, Sudan, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Syrian Arab Republic, Chad, Togo, Thailand, Taiwan, Province of China, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, United States of America, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), Viet Nam, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Conservation status

Vigna luteola threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:525419-1
WFO ID wfo-0000188562
COL ID 5BDQR
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 630877
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Phaseolus violaceus Vigna bukobensis Dolichos luteolus Dolichos repens Phaseolus luteolus Phaseolus maritimus Dolichos niloticus Dolichos gangeticus Scytalis helicopus Vigna nilotica Vigna brachystachys Vigna helicopus Vigna holstii Vigna hirsuta Phasellus violaceus Vigna gangetica Dolichos abyssinicus Dolichos helicopus Dolichos mexicanus Vigna acuminata Dolichos glycinoides Calopogonium pendunculatum Vigna villosa Vigna nigerica Phaseolus violaceus Vigna brasiliensis Vigna repens Vigna luteola var. luteola Vigna repens var. luteola Vigna longepedunculata Vigna villosa f. violacea Vigna glabra Scytalis helicopus var. major Scytalis helicopus var. minor Vigna luteola var. villosa Vigna luteola

Lower taxons

Vigna luteola var. angustifolia Vigna luteola var. angustifolia