Virola sebifera Aubl.

Virola (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Magnoliales > Myristicaceae > Virola

Characteristics

Dioecious, often buttressed trees to 40 m., the younger branchlets persistently tomentose or glabrescent. Leaf blades glabrous above, with persistent, ochraceous stalked-stellate hairs below, coriaceous, oblong to elliptic-ovate or obovate, acute to acuminate, cordate, truncate or acute, 10-47 cm. long, 4-15 cm. broad; secondary veins 10-28 per side, averaging less than 1 per cm. along the midrib, the tertiary veins rather prominent below; petioles canaliculate, 8-25 mm. long, 2-5 mm. broad. Staminate flowers in much-branched panicles; pedicels 0-3 mm. long; bracts inconspicuous or absent; perianth tardily 3(-5)-lobed, 1.3-3.0 mm. long; anthers 3(-5), 0.7-1.5 mm. long, usually connate to the apex, the infra-antheral portion of the androecium 0.2-1.0 mm. long. Pistillate flowers solitary or clustered in racemes 3-7 cm. long, 2-7 cm. broad; pedicels 1-4 mm. long; tepals partially connate, with subpinnate ochraceous pubescence; ovary 1-carpellate, with a sessile, obscurely 2-lobed stigma. Fruits 10-30 per inflorescence, the velutinous ligneous pericarp ultimately dehiscing longitudinally into 2 valves, subglobose to ellipsoid, 10-21 mm. long, 7-17 mm. broad; seed ellipsoid to subglobose, the aril laciniate.
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A medium sized tree. It grows 20 m tall. The branches are arranged in rings. The twigs have red hairs. The leaves are alternate and are regularly spaced. The leaves underneath are bluish green with red veins. Broken pieces produce sap that turns red. The flowers are in groups in the axils of leaves or at the ends of branches. The fruit is a capsule 1.5 cm long by 1 cm wide. It has a rusty covering.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention
Sexuality dioecy
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 22.5 - 25.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Found mainly in savannah and semideciduous forests at higher elevations, almost always on well-drained soils. It is not frequent in dense, primary forests. Grows principally in secondary forests. Found from sea level to 1,500 metres.
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A tropical plant. It grows in the rainforest, often on sandy soils.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 4-6
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 10-12

Usage

The leaves are used for tea.
Uses game attractant material medicinal oil soap species tea wax wood
Edible leaves nuts seeds
Therapeutic use Fever (unspecified), Soap (unspecified), Fumitory (unspecified), Rheumatism (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Virola sebifera leaf picture by Nelson Zamora Villalobos (cc-by-nc)
Virola sebifera leaf picture by Nelson Zamora Villalobos (cc-by-nc)
Virola sebifera leaf picture by Nelson Zamora Villalobos (cc-by-nc)

Fruit

Virola sebifera fruit picture by Nelson Zamora Villalobos (cc-by-nc)
Virola sebifera fruit picture by Daniel Barthelemy (cc-by-nc)
Virola sebifera fruit picture by Daniel Barthelemy (cc-by-nc)

Distribution

Virola sebifera world distribution map, present in Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

Conservation status

Virola sebifera threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:267199-2
WFO ID wfo-0000418491
COL ID 5BK63
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 630881
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Myristica sebifera Palala sebifera Palala mocoa Palala panamensis Virola venezuelensis Virola warburgii Virola mycetis Virola panamensis Virola mocoa Myristica panamensis Myristica mocoa Myristica virola Myristica cordifolia Myristica fulva Myristica sebifera var. curvinervia Myristica sebifera var. cordifolia Virola sebifera var. curvinervia Virola peruviana var. tomentosa Virola boliviensis Virola sebifera