Wisteria sinensis (Sims) Dc.

Chinese wisteria (en), Glycine de Chine (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Fabales > Fabaceae > Wisteria

Characteristics

Lianas, to 25 m. Stems twined leftward, white villous when young, soon glabrescent. Leaves 7-13-foliolate; rachis 15-25 cm, including petiole 3-5 cm; leaflet blades elliptic-ovate to lanceolate-ovate, 5-8 × 2-4 cm with basal pair smallest and becoming larger apically, both surfaces appressed pubescent when young but glabrescent, base rounded to cuneate and some­what asymmetric, apex attenuate to caudate. Racemes terminal or axillary from branchlets of previous year, 15-30 × 8-10 cm, white villous. Pedicel 2-3 cm, slender. Flowers 2-2.5 cm, fra­grant. Calyx with adaxial tooth longer than others. Corolla pur­ple or occasionally white; standard orbicular, sometimes retuse, glabrous, apex truncate. Ovary tomentose, with 6-8 ovules. Leg­ume oblanceolate, 10-15 × 1.5-2 cm, tomentose, hanging on branches persistently. Seeds 1-3 per legume, brown, thickly len­ticular, ca. 1.5 cm in diam., shiny. Fl. Apr-May, fr. May-Aug. 2n = 16.
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Woody deciduous climber up to 30 m long; twigs densely hairy when young, becoming ± glabrous. Lvs densely hairy when young, becoming ± glabrous above when mature but usually remaining moderately clothed in appressed hairs below, petiolate; leaflets elliptic to obovate, acuminate, entire, in (3)-4-6 opposite pairs, 30-80 mm long, stipellate; petiolules 2-4 mm long; stipules inconspicuous. Raceme with numerous fls; pedicels c. 15-20 mm long. Calyx densely clothed in fine hairs; calyx teeth ovate-triangular, < tube. Corolla mauve to deep lilac, (15)-20-25-(28) mm long. Pod tomentulose, few-seeded, (6)-10-15 cm long; seeds smooth, brown, flattened, suborbicular.
A vigorous climber. It grows 12-18 m long. The trunks are twisted and gnarled. The twining stems turn woody. The leaves have leaflets along the stalk. There are about 11 alternate leaflets that are oval and untoothed. The leaves are mid to dark green. The flowers are mauve and hang in 30 cm long racemes. These are on small spur like growths. The flowers are pea shaped and droop. The pods are oblong and velvety.
With 7–13 lfls and shorter (1.5–2 dm) racemes of slightly larger (2.5 cm) fls opening almost simultaneously, also escapes in our range, especially southward.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support climber
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread barochory
Mature width (meter) 10.5
Mature height (meter) 20.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a temperate plant. It will grow in most soils. It is resistant to frost and drought. It suits hardiness zones 5-10. Arboretum Tasmania. Melbourne Botanical Gardens. In Yunnan.
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Clambering over cliffs and trees on woodland edges at low altitudes in W. China.
Light 4-8
Soil humidity 3-7
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 2-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 5-9

Usage

The flower buds are thoroughly boiled and washed in salt water and eaten with oil and salt. They can be parboiled or fried. They are folded into egg batter and made into fritters. They can be used in preserves and made into wine. The leaves are used as a substitute for tea.
Uses eating environmental use experimental purposes fiber fibre material medicinal oil ornamental poison tea
Edible flowers leaves seeds
Therapeutic use Anthelmintics (leaf), Edema (leaf), Pain (leaf), Anthelmintics (stem), Edema (stem), Pain (stem), Diuretic (unspecified), Poison (unspecified), Cancer(Esophagus) (unspecified)
Human toxicity toxic (whole)
Animal toxicity toxic (whole)

Cultivation

Many plants are grown from seed. Fresh seed germinate easily. They can also be grown from cuttings.
Mode cuttings graftings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Wisteria sinensis habit picture by Jardins de Montchat (cc-by-sa)
Wisteria sinensis habit picture by Jean-René Girardeau (cc-by-sa)
Wisteria sinensis habit picture by sveinung (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Wisteria sinensis leaf picture by Justine Dupuis (cc-by-sa)
Wisteria sinensis leaf picture by Jardins de Montchat (cc-by-sa)
Wisteria sinensis leaf picture by Mathias Desrayaud (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Wisteria sinensis flower picture by HAIK Jean (cc-by-sa)
Wisteria sinensis flower picture by massilia (cc-by-sa)
Wisteria sinensis flower picture by lehibou (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Wisteria sinensis fruit picture by Fischotter (cc-by-sa)
Wisteria sinensis fruit picture by Eugénie Giacomelli (cc-by-sa)
Wisteria sinensis fruit picture by kanminu (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Wisteria sinensis world distribution map, present in Argentina, Azerbaijan, Brazil, China, France, Georgia, India, Italy, Japan, Lithuania, Moldova (Republic of), Mauritius, Nepal, New Zealand, Pakistan, Réunion, Russian Federation, Tajikistan, Taiwan, Province of China, Ukraine, United States of America, and Uzbekistan

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60459148-2
WFO ID wfo-0000214070
COL ID 5C2HM
BDTFX ID 72992
INPN ID 130118
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Glycine comosa Glycine sinensis Wisteria praecox Millettia chinensis Rehsonia sinensis Rehsonia nipponica Wistaria sinensis Wisteria sinensis Wisteria polystachya Wisteria chinensis Kraunhia chinensis Wisteria chinensis Wisteria sinensis var. albiflora Wisteria sinensis var. alba Glycine chinensis Wisteria sinensis var. brevidentata Wisteria sinensis var. villosa