Woodwardia virginica (L.) Sm.

Virginia chainfern (en)

Species

Pteridophytes > Polypodiales > Blechnaceae > Woodwardioideae > Woodwardia

Characteristics

Stems long-creeping, ropelike; scales dark brown, few, triangular. Leaves monomorphic, deciduous, numerous, well separated, 50-100 cm. Petiole dark purple to black proximally, straw-colored distally, base lustrous and swollen, glabrate. Blade greenish, lanceolate, 28-60 cm, bearing mixture of glands and scales upon emergence with glands persisting. Pinnae articulate to rachis, arranged in 12-23 evenly distributed pairs, linear to narrowly lanceolate, deeply pinnatifid; middle pinnae 6-16 × 1-3.5 cm. Veins anastomosing to form a single row of areoles, then free to margin. Sori elongate, linear, superficial, often appearing confluent upon dehiscence of sporangia. Indusia ± membranous, lacking thickened cells, freely spreading, often hidden by dehisced sporangia. 2 n = 70.
More
Rhizome 6–10 mm thick; lvs monomorphic, to 14 dm, the petiole purplish-brown, shining, the blade lance-oblong, to 5 × 2.5 dm, acuminate, pinnate-pinnatifid, the pinnae 15–20 pairs, pinnatifid with a rachis 1–1.5 mm wide, the segments 15–20 pairs, ovate to broadly oblong, with cartilaginous margins; veins forming a single series of areoles along the costa and costules, otherwise free, indusia thin, soon recurved, those along the costules only 1–1.5 mm, those along the costae larger; 2n=70. Swamps and moist places in acid soil; N.S. to Fla., w. to Ont., Mich., Ill., and Tex.; Bermuda. (Anchistea v.)
A fern.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support -
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality -
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.45 - 0.7
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

It is a temperate plant. It suits hardiness zones 3-10.
Light 4-6
Soil humidity 5-8
Soil texture 1-4
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-9

Usage

Uses environmental use wood
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -18
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Woodwardia virginica leaf picture by McKaila Stafford (cc-by-sa)
Woodwardia virginica leaf picture by Erika Lozano (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Woodwardia virginica world distribution map, present in Canada, Cuba, and United States of America

Conservation status

Woodwardia virginica threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:17235550-1
WFO ID wfo-0001109468
COL ID DKPC
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Woodwardia virginica f. fertilis Blechnum banisterianum Anchistea virginica Blechnum virginicum Woodwardia bannisteriana Doodia virginica Anchistea virginica f. fertilis Woodwardia virginica Lorinseria thelypteroides Woodwardia thelypteroides