Xyris obscura N.E.Br.

Species

Angiosperms > Poales > Xyridaceae > Xyris

Characteristics

Perennial, with base inflated and sometimes sub-bulbous. Leaves somewhat stiff, very narrow and even appearing terete (especially from burnt culms) but characteristically flat and parallel-sided at maturity, up to 180 mm long, c. 1 mm wide, frequently tortuous, minutely cross-striate, especially at mid-length. Scapes (1-)3 times as long as leaves, terete and multistriate, frequently irregularly compressed, green or obscurely pale brown at base (within sheath); sheaths often short and obscure, especially on high mountain plants, with a lanceolate caudicle about 10 mm long, or sheaths sometimes to times as long as taller scapes, and broader, rarely to as much as 4-5 mm wide. Capitula broadly ellipsoid or sub-spherical, 6-8 mm long, few-flowered. Bracts numerous, rather loosely imbricate when mature, tough, brittle, more or less concave and medium to dark brown; outer elliptic, more or less flat, frequently keeled and with or without a hard mucro or seta; inner somewhat broader, more often keeled and usually with lighter coloured, frequently recurved margins; apices obtuse. Lateral sepals slightly curved, even sometimes mildly recurved above, hyaline, keeled; apices sometimes blunt, usually acute, hard, black, with or without short terminal setae; keels moderately wide, sometimes more or less uniformly so but usually diminishing below and above, regularly and somewhat distantly shortly pubescent or puberulent, especially in mid-part, diminishing towards apices. Flowers yellow, very rarely white {Welwitsch 2468). Capsule and seeds not seen.
More
Tufted perennial forming dense clumps, often bulked out by persistent leaf-bases; shoot-bases sometimes somewhat swollen and bulbous.. Leaves up to 15 cm. long, 1 mm. wide; sheaths up to 8 mm. wide at the base, smooth and with ciliate margins below, becoming rugulose above when dry, dark red-brown in the centre, paler at the margins; ligule not seen; lamina terete to semiterete, glabrous, rugulose; apex aristate.. Peduncle 13–28 cm. long, ± 0.7 mm. in diameter, terete, longitudinally ridged; spike 3–5-flowered, ellipsoid, almost black, 5–6 mm. long, 2.5 mm. in diameter; sterile bracts broadly obovate, apiculate, 4 mm. long, 3 mm. wide, minutely rugulose on the abaxial surface, hard, opaque, black with a very narrow paler border; fertile bracts broadly obovate, strongly concave, apiculate, 5 mm. long, 4 mm. wide, minutely rugulose on the abaxial surface, black above, paler below.. Lateral sepals curved, ± 5 mm. long, laciniate on the keel above, third sepal ± 5 mm. long; corolla-tube ± 1.5 mm. long, lobes obovate, ± 4 mm. long, 3 mm. wide, apex emarginate, irregularly laciniate.. Filament ligulate, ± 0.5 mm. long; anthers 1.5 mm. long; staminodes much-branched, ± 1 mm. long.. Style ± 3 mm. long, branches 2 mm. long; stigmas much-branched.. Seeds broadly ellipsoid, 0.6 mm. long, 0.35 mm. in diameter, with more than 25 interconnected longitudinal ridges.. Fig. 1/5.
Tufted perennial forming dense clumps, often bulked out by persistent leaf-bases; shoot-bases sometimes somewhat swollen and bulbous. Leaves up to 15 cm long, 1 mm wide; sheaths up to 8 mm wide at the base, smooth and with ciliate margins below, becoming rugulose above when dry, dark red-brown in the centre, paler at the margins; ligule not seen; lamina terete to semiterete, glabrous, rugulose; apex aristate. Peduncle 13-28 cm long, ±0.7 mm in diameter, terete, longitudinally ridged; spike 3-5-flowered, ellipsoid, almost black, 5-6 mm long, 2.5 mm in diameter; sterile bracts broadly obovate, apiculate, 4 mm long, 3 mm wide, minutely rugulose on the abaxial surface, hard, opaque, black with a very narrow paler border; fertile bracts broadly obovate, strongly concave, apiculate, 5 mm long, 4 mm wide, minutely rugulose on the abaxial surface, black above, paler below. Lateral sepals curved, ±5 mm long, laciniate on the keel above, third sepal ±5 mm long; corolla-tube ±1.5 mm long, lobes obovate, ±4 mm long, 3 mm wide, apex emarginate, irregularly laciniate. Filament ligulate, ±0.5 mm long; anthers 1.5 mm long; staminodes much-branched, ±1 mm long. Style ±3 mm long, branches 2 mm long; stigmas much-branched. Seeds broadly ellipsoid, 0.6 mm long, 0.35 mm in diameter, with more than 25 interconnected longitudinal ridges.
Perennial herb, up to 300 mm tall, with base of plant often subbulbous, fibrous, twisted, mid-brown. Roots thin. Leaves clustered on compact rhizomes, linear. Spikes ovoid, few-flowered. Bracts of spikes ± uniform. Flowers yellow.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support -
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.3
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity 7-9
Soil texture 6-7
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Xyris obscura world distribution map, present in Angola, Burkina Faso, Mozambique, Tanzania, United Republic of, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:871600-1
WFO ID wfo-0000612718
COL ID 5CPPZ
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Xyris obscura Xyris brunnea