Perennial herb, taproot and crown becoming thick and woody, vegetative buds, when present, small, not developing into a thick clump; stems several from the crown in old plants, ascending, up to 600 mm long, often simple, sometimes branched, clad in retrorse white hairs, leafy. Leaves on lower part of stem 35-70 x 2-8(-10) mm, becoming smaller and often more distant upwards, uppermost generally 15-25 x 1.5 mm, sometimes broader, rarely up to 40 mm long, all more or less ascending, oblong-elliptic or linear, margins entire or with a few small callose teeth, often glabrous or with hairs on margins and midline, rarely hairy all over. Flowers opening at dusk or in dull light and then scented, many in a long narrow spike elongating as the flowers open and capsules develop, small secondary spikes sometimes developing below the main fruiting spike. Bracts adnate to calyx for 2-3 mm, lanceolate, (9-)10-14(-20) mm long, margins entire, glabrous or hairy as the leaves. Calyx 8-13 mm long, lips 34 mm long, either glabrous except for marginal hairs, or sometimes hairs better developed, exceptionally hairy all over. Corolla tube 30-40(-44) mm long, glandular-puberulous, hairs up to 0.1 mm long, limb held vertically, somewhat zygomorphic; mouth with circlet of long unicellular hairs often poorly developed or wanting on anticous side; the two upper lobes fractionally more united than the 3 lower, the anticous lobe slightly isolated from the other 4 and often narrower, lobes 3.5-5(-6) mm long, deeply notched, crimson and glandular-puberulous outside, white and glabrous inside. Stamens 4, anticous anthers 1.2-1.8 mm long, shortly exserted, posticous ones 34 mm long, included. Stigma 6-8 mm long, exserted. Capsule 10-15 x 4-5 mm. Seeds c. 1.3 x 0.8-1 mm, angled, colliculate, pallid.
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Perennial herb, up to 0.6 m high; vegetative buds, when present, small not developing into a thick clump. Stems several from crown of old plants; clad in retrorse white hairs. Leaves with blade oblong-elliptic to linear, 15-25 x 1.5 mm, margins entire or with few, small, callose teeth, glabrous with a few hairs on margins and midline. Flowers: slightly zygomorphic; many, arranged in lax, elongated spikes; corolla tube 30-40 mm long, limb held vertically, mouth with circlet of long unicellular hairs, lobes deeply notched, outer surface reddish pink to crimson, inner surface white; Oct.-Apr., opening at dusk or dull light.
Perennial herb, up to 600 mm high; stems often simple, sometimes with small vegetative buds that do not form a thick group. Leaves oblong-elliptic or linear, ± ascending. Flowers many in a long, lax, narrow spike, lengthening as flowers open. Corolla: tube up to 44 mm long; limb somewhat zygomorphic, held vertically; mouth with long hairs all or only partway round. Flowering time Nov.-Feb.
Perennial herb, up to 0.6 m high. Leaves either entire or with a few small teeth, usually glabrous or with a few hairs on margins and midline. Corolla tube usually 30-40 mm. Flowers slightly zygomorphic, arranged in lax, elongated spikes, reddish pink outside, white inside.