Zygophyllum fabago L.

Syrian beancaper (en), Fabagelle (fr), Zygophylle fabagelle (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Zygophyllales > Zygophyllaceae > Zygophyllum

Characteristics

Herbs, perennial, 30-80 cm tall. Roots thick. Stems much branched, woody at basal parts, spreading to prostrate, smooth. Stipules ovate, elliptic, or lanceolate, 4-10 mm, connate on basal stems, distinct and smaller on apical stems. Leaves with 2 leaflets; petiole shorter than leaflets; leaflet blades obovate to oblong-obovate, 1.5-3.3 × 0.6-2 cm, thick, apex rounded. Flower axillary. Pedicel 4-10 mm. Sepals ovate to elliptic, 6-8 × 3-4 mm, margin white and membranous, apex obtuse. Petals basally orangish red and apically white, obovate, as long as sepals. Stamens longer than petals, 1.1-1.2 cm; appendages oblong, half as long as anthers. Capsule oblong to cylindric, 2-3.5 × 0.4-0.5 cm, pendulous, with 5 ridges. Seeds numerous, ca. 3 × 2 mm, surface with dots. Fl. May-Jun, fr. Jul-Sep. 2n = 22, 28.
More
Herbs or subshrubs. Stems: branches ± spreading. Leaves 2–6 cm; proximal stipules basally connate, distal distinct, green, lanceolate to ovate or elliptic, 4–10 mm; petiole 1–1.5 cm; leaflets 1–4.5 × 0.6–3 cm; awn between leaflets linear or lanceolate, 1 mm. Pedicels 4–10 mm. Flowers 6–7 mm diam.; sepals ovate to elliptic, 5–7 × 3.5–5.5 mm, margins white; petals obovate, 7–8 mm; stamens exserted [included], 11–12 mm; filaments red-orange, ± linear, basal scales red-orange, apex notched; anthers red-orange. Capsules 1–3.5 × 0.4–0.5 cm; style threadlike, to 7 mm. Seeds 2–3 mm.
A hairless perennial herb. It has erect stems 1 m tall. The leaves have 2 oval fleshy leaflets. The leaf stalk extends beyond the leaflets. The flowers are white with an orange centre. They are 9-11 mm across and occur singly in the axils of the upper leaves. The petals are oblong and longer than the sepals. The fruit is a capsule which hangs down. It is cylinder shaped and 20-35 mm long.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality
Pollination entomogamy
Spread epizoochory
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.8 - 1.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 0.27
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer present
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a Mediterranean climate plant. It grows on dry rocky and sandy places.
More
Dry places.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 1-7
Soil texture 3-6
Soil acidity 3-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 6-10

Usage

The flower buds are pickled and used as a caper substitute.
Uses medicinal
Edible flowers
Therapeutic use Spasm (unspecified), Vermifuge (unspecified), Depurative (unspecified), Poison (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings, divisions or seedlings.
Mode cuttings divisions seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Zygophyllum fabago habit picture by Yoan MARTIN (cc-by-sa)
Zygophyllum fabago habit picture by Collados Ana (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Zygophyllum fabago leaf picture by Rubén Pozo Molina (cc-by-sa)
Zygophyllum fabago leaf picture by José Javier Aranda (cc-by-sa)
Zygophyllum fabago leaf picture by javad54 (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Zygophyllum fabago flower picture by Antonio C. (cc-by-sa)
Zygophyllum fabago flower picture by Mike Siedlecki (cc-by-sa)
Zygophyllum fabago flower picture by Scabbia (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Zygophyllum fabago fruit picture by Juan Andres Marin (cc-by-sa)
Zygophyllum fabago fruit picture by José Javier Aranda (cc-by-sa)
Zygophyllum fabago fruit picture by David Pomata (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Zygophyllum fabago world distribution map, present in Afghanistan, China, France, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Pakistan, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:873557-1
WFO ID wfo-0000429634
COL ID 5DBP6
BDTFX ID 73280
INPN ID 130691
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Fabago major Fabago alata Zygophyllum micronatum Zygophyllum fabago subsp. fabago Zygophyllum fabago subsp. orientale Zygophyllum fabago subsp. dolichocarpum Zygophyllum fabago