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Perennial herbs, subshrubs or shrubs. Lvs usually opposite, rarely alternate, petiolate, simple, entire to serrate or lobed. Infl. a lax or dense corymb. Involucral bracts in 1-2-(3) rows, usually subequal, with membranous margins. Receptacle convex; scales 0, but sometimes minute hairs present. Corolla tubular. Style usually with a distinctly swollen basal node. Achenes ellipsoid-cylindric, usually 5-angled, glabrous, hairy, or glandular; pappus of scabrid hairs, easily deciduous, with acute apical cells.
Perennial herbs or shrubs. Leaves opposite. Inflorescence corymbose; involucres campanulate; phyllaries in 2–3 series, sub-equal, often costate; receptacle slightly convex, epaleate. Corollas with slender tube and campanulate limb. Apical anther appendages large, ovate-oblong.. Style base enlarged, arms linear, papillate. Achenes black, prismatic or fusiform, 5-ribbed; carpopodium large, symmetrical; pappus of usually deciduous barbellate bristles.
