Anthephora Schreb.

Oldfield grass (en)

Genus

Angiosperms > Poales > Poaceae

Characteristics

Annuals or perennials. Leaf-blades flat; ligule membranous. Inflorescence spike-like, its wavy rhachis bearing deciduous subsessile clusters of 3–11 spikelets; clusters conical to oblong, the indurated lower glumes facing outwards and ± united at the base to form an involucre. Spikelets lanceolate to oblong, dorsally compressed; lower glume as long as the spikelet, coriaceous (or reduced in the inner spikelets of a cluster); upper glume subulate from a short broad base, mostly shorter than the spikelet; lower floret reduced to a hyaline lemma shorter than the spikelet; upper lemma cartilaginous, its flat thin margins covering much of the palea. Caryopsis oblong-ellipsoid, dorsally compressed.
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Spikelets 1-flowered, in groups of 4, the first glumes many-nerved, indurate, thickened and united at the base forming a false pitcher-shaped involucre around the rest of the spikelets, the groups short-pedicellate, falling entire; second glume 5-nerved, narrowed to a blunt tip; lemma ovate-acuminate, 3-nerved, firm but not indurate, the broad flat margins curved around and enclosing the palea. Weedy annuals, in our species, with flat blades and terminal spike-like racemes.
Inflorescence a cylindrical spiciform panicle, bearing deciduous clusters of several spikelets surrounded by an involucre of stiffly coriaceous bracts, these narrowly elliptic, several-nerved and free to the base (except A. pungens).
Inferior glume absent; superior glume subulate from a broad base, its back facing inwards.
Superior lemma cartilaginous with flat thin margins.
Spikelets as long as the bracts, lanceolate.
Life form annual
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Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
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Environment

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Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

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Cultivation

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