Arisaema dracontium (L.) Schott

Green dragon (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Alismatales > Araceae > Arisaema

Characteristics

Plants 1.5--9 dm. Roots radiating from apex of corm; corm to 8 cm diam. Leaves usually solitary; petiole medium green or purple-marked; blade pedately divided, leaflets (5--)7--13(--21), sessile or petiolulate, elliptic to oblanceolate, to 28 ´ 10 cm, apex acute to acuminate; central leaflet usually shorter than neighboring ones, these leaflets longest, outer progressively smaller. Inflorescences: s Spathe light green, sometimes marked with purple, convolute, 3--6(--12) cm; blade usually scarcely distinguished from tube; . sSpadix 6--20 cm (or longer), longer than spathe, apex tapering in long slender appendage to 15 cm. Staminate flowers with 2--4 stamens. Fruits oblong or pear-shaped, 7--13 mm. Seeds 1--2(--6), 3--5 mm diam. 2n = 28, 56.
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Green dragon; dragon-root. Lf usually solitary, the long petiole 2–5 dm at anthesis, later to 1 m, pedately divided into 7–15 lfls, these elliptic to oblanceolate, acuminate,sometimes confluent below, the central ones 1–2 dm, the outer progressively smaller; peduncle arising from a basal sheath, shorter than the petiole; spathe green, slender, convolute, 3–6 cm, pointed; spadix tapering to a long slender point exserted 5–10 cm beyond the spathe; fr orange-red; 2n=28, 56. Damp woods; Que. to Minn., s. to Fla. and Tex., commoner westward. Spring. (Muricauda d.)
A tuber plant which keeps growing from year to year. The leaf stalk is mottled. It is 80 cm high. There is a single leaf with leaflets which radiate. There are 7-15 oblong leaflets. These are 10-20 cm long. The flower appears below the leaves. The bract around the flower is narrow and hooded. It is green and 5-7 cm long. The flower spike is fleshy and 15 cm long. It is white at the base and forms threads and is green at the tip.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention
Sexuality dioecy
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 0.5
Mature height (meter) 0.7 - 0.8
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a temperate plant. It is native to the USA. It suits low lying woods on moist soils. Even though it goes dormant the soil should not be allowed to dry out. It suits hardiness zones 4-9.
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Rich moist woods. Found mainly in wet woods and along the sides of streams, but sometimes also in dry soils.
Light 3-8
Soil humidity 5-7
Soil texture 3-6
Soil acidity 3-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-7

Usage

The roots are dried and then cooked. Caution: They contain calcium oxalate crystals so need this processing.
Uses medicinal
Edible roots
Therapeutic use Gynecological Aid (unspecified), Divination (unspecified), Female (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 30 - 180
Germination temperacture (C°) 12 - 15
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Arisaema dracontium leaf picture by Michelle Denning (cc-by-sa)
Arisaema dracontium leaf picture by Shirley Hutcherson (cc-by-sa)
Arisaema dracontium leaf picture by Shirley Hutcherson (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Arisaema dracontium flower picture by suneska (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Arisaema dracontium fruit picture by Elizabeth O’Brien (cc-by-sa)
Arisaema dracontium fruit picture by Pete woyak (cc-by-sa)
Arisaema dracontium fruit picture by Kaylee Ropson (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Arisaema dracontium world distribution map, present in Åland Islands, Canada, Micronesia (Federated States of), Georgia, Malaysia, Nicaragua, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:85629-1
WFO ID wfo-0000270564
COL ID GN4V
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Arisaema plukenetii Arum exsertum Arisaema boscii Muricauda dracontium Arum dracontium Arisaema dracontium