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Lemma usually c. 11 mm. long, prominently nerved, with coarse antrorsely curved scabridules on the nerves, very rarely almost glabrous, keeled on the back, deeply grooved ventrally, with inrolled margins; callus 0·5-0·75 mm. long, subobtuse, barbate; column absent; awns subequal, usually 18-30 mm. long, rigid, erect or spreading, very scabrous, triquetrous, sometimes slightly winged at the base; articulation absent.
Tufted, erect annual to 900 mm high; plant usually very scabrid, occasionally smooth. Leaf blade to 200 x to 4 mm. Spikelet 35-50 mm long (including awns), coarse; lower glume usually slightly longer than upper glume, awn 0.8-3.5 mm long; lemma linear, laterally compressed, articulation absent; column absent; awns three, laterals well developed; callus apex naked, broad, swollen, rounded, anther 2.7-3.2 mm long.
Annual, tufted (erect), up to 0.9 m high, scabrid, occasionally smooth. Leaf blades up to 200 mm long, up to 4 mm wide. Spikelets 35-50 mm long (including awns), coarse; lower glume usually slightly longer than upper glume, awn 0.8-3.5 mm long; lemma linear, laterally compressed, articulation absent; column absent; awns 3, laterals well developed; callus tip naked, broad, swollen, rounded.
Glumes broadly lanceolate, shortly pubescent on the back, scaberulous on the keel, 1-nerved, awned; the inferior up to 17 mm. long, gradually tapering into a short awn up to 1·5 mm. long, the superior up to 15 mm. long, usually with 2 more or less acute lobes at the apex and a short awn 0·5-1 mm. long from the sinus.
Panicle up to 20 cm. long, exserted, effuse or contracted and much interrupted, with very scabrid axis and branches; branches 2-nate or solitary, with dark-coloured, shortly pubescent glandular patches in the axils.
Culms erect or geniculately ascending, branched in the lower part and from the middle nodes, retrorsely scabrous, 3-many-noded; nodes minutely pubescent.
Ligule long-ciliate; auricles long-barbate; collar minutely pubescent or glabrous.
Leaf-laminae 10-20 x 0·2-0·4 cm., flat, glaucous, very scabrous on both surfaces.
Annual, up to 65 cm. high, caespitose, very scabrid and coarse.
Spikelets coarse, reddish-green with a black spot at the base.
Annual with flat leaf-blades 2–4 mm. wide; up to 60cm. high
Leaf-sheaths laxly embracing the culm, keeled, scabrous.
