Artocarpus chama Buch.-ham.

Species

Angiosperms > Rosales > Moraceae > Artocarpus

Characteristics

Trees to 40 m tall, deciduous. Bark black, gray, or brown, coarse. Branchlets furrowed when dry, 4-8 mm thick, pubescence rust-colored to reddish yellow, hairs long and spreading to bent. Stipules amplexicaul. Leaves spirally arranged; petiole brown, 1.5-4.5 cm, densely pubescent; leaf blade elliptic, oblong, or ovate, 13-37 × 6-21 cm, abaxially densely rust-colored to grayish white pubescent but more densely so along veins, adaxially glabrous or with sparse bent hairs, base broadly cuneate to rounded, margin entire or ± crenate, apex acute to shortly acuminate; secondary veins 9-18 on each side of midvein, apically curved, and joined together near margin, tertiary veins reticulate and with dark brown glandular points. Inflorescences axillary, solitary. Male inflorescences ellipsoid, ovoid, or clavate, 1.2-2.3 × 1-1.8 cm; bracts shield-shaped; pedicel ca. 2 mm, shortly pubescent. Female inflorescences globose to ellipsoid; bracts peltate. Style exserted. Male flowers: calyx lobes 2 or 3, ca. 5 mm, margin ciliate; filaments short; anthers ellipsoid. Fruiting syncarp yellow when young then rust-colored brown, ± globose, 5-6 cm in diam.; peduncle 1.5-4.5 cm, with short brown hairs; persistent calyx separating near top, with several persistent bracts. Drupes ellipsoid, ca. 10 × 6 mm.
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A tree. It loses its leaves during the year. It grows 40 m tall. The bark is grey to brown. It peels off in flakes. The leafy growths (stipules) at the base of the leaves are oval and 2.5 cm long. These are yellow and hairy. The leaves are oval and 14-23 cm long by 9-14 cm wide. Young leaves are divided. The flowers occur singly in the axils of leaves. The male heads are roundish and 1.5-3 cm by 1-3 cm. The female heads have hairy bracts. The fruit is almost round and 6-10 cm across. The seeds are 7 mm long by 4 mm wide. The fruit are edible.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention
Sexuality monoecy
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 40.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

A tropical plant. It needs a well marked monsoonal climate. It needs a rainfall of at least 2000 mm per year. It grows in the Chittagong hills in Bangladesh. It grows in Yunnan in China.
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A canopy tree of evergreen, semi-evergreen and moist deciduous forests, usually found in rich soils.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The seeds are parboiled then fermented and baked before eating. The young fruits are eaten as a vegetable. The ripe fruit are eaten raw. They are sweet. They are also used in pickles.
Uses fodder food gene source material medicinal tea timber wood
Edible barks fruits seeds
Therapeutic use Anti-inflammatory agents (whole plant excluding root)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) 22 - 32
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Artocarpus chama leaf picture by Md. Anisur Rahman (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Artocarpus chama world distribution map, present in Bangladesh, Brunei Darussalam, Bhutan, China, India, Cambodia, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Myanmar, Malaysia, Thailand, and Viet Nam

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:927743-1
WFO ID wfo-0000550454
COL ID H24S
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Saccus callophyllus Artocarpus chaplasha Urostigma chrysopthalmum Artocarpus chama Artocarpus asperulus Saccus chaplasta Artocarpus melinoxylus Ficus chrysophthalma