Arum L.

Arum lilies (en), Arum (fr)

Genus

Angiosperms > Alismatales > Araceae

Characteristics

Herbs, tuberous. Cataphylls several. Leaves 2, simple; petiole sheathing; leaf blade hastate-sagittate or sagittate. Inflorescences 1(or 2), pedunculate; peduncle long or short. Spathe ultimately marcescent, convolute, base (tube) separated from limb by a constriction; spathe tube oblong or ovate; limb initially erect, cymbiform, concave or arched, later flopping forward or actively reflexing, ovate-lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate. Spadix sessile, shorter than to subequaling spathe; flowers unisexual, naked; female zone cylindric; ovary oblong, 1-loculed; ovules few on 2 or 3 parietal placentae; stigma sessile; sterile flowers (staminodes) usually present between female and male zones and also above male zone; appendix dark purple or yellow, cylindric-conic, cylindric, or clavate; male zone shorter; stamens 3 or 4, nearly tetragonal, short; connective convex; anthers obovoid, shorter than filaments, opening by an apical pore or longitudinal slit; sterile flowers broadly conic, filiform, ± thickened, verrucose, these between female and male zones recurved, those at distal part of male zone reflexed upward. Berries obovoid, few seeded. Seeds with endosperm; embryo axile.
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Deciduous geophytes; stem tuberous, cormous or rhizomatous. Leaves several together; blade mostly hastosagittate to sagittate; primary veins joining a conspicuous submarginal vein; venation reticulate. Inflorescence solitary among foliage leaves or a few in succession interspersed with foliage leaves; peduncle shorter than to longer than petiole; spathe constricted between lower spathe and limb, convolute in lower part, with limb conspicuous, erect and boat-shaped to spreading and somewhat revolute, wholly marcescent to deciduous after anthesis; spadix shorter than to longer than spathe, sessile; female zone of naked pistils separated from male zone by a usually short zone of filiform ±bulbous-based neuter organs; male zone ostensibly a mass of stamens; stamens subsessile, truncate; above the male zone a second zone of filiform neuter organs sometimes separated from it by a naked zone; appendix conspicuous, usually narrowed in lower part, the remainder tapering to subcylindric. Infructescence a cylindric cluster of orange-red berries ripening basipetally. Berry several–many-seeded.
Scapose, tuberous, monoecious perennial herbs. Leaves hastate or sagittate. Inflorescence solitary, terminal, scape terete; spathe funnel-shaped. Spadix much < spathe; female flowers basal, sterile flowers between these and male flowers, with upper zone of sterile flowers below terminal, clavate, stipitate appendage. Berry scarlet or purplish. Spp. c. 15, of Europe (especially the Mediterranean), N. Africa and Asia Minor. Adventive sp. 1.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support -
Foliage retention
Sexuality monoecy
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Environment

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Hardiness (USDA) 5-10

Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
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Cultivation

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Germination duration (days) 30 -
Germination temperacture (C°) 12 - 18
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