Blechnum capense Burm.F.

Species

Pteridophytes > Polypodiales > Blechnaceae > Blechnoideae > Blechnum

Characteristics

Plants terrestrial. Rhizome short-decumbent, irregularly branched, to 12 mm in diameter, set with roots, crowded stipe bases and scales, scales chartaceous, ferrugineous to stramineous, adnate, triangular to lanceolate, entire, apex terminates in a much enlarged thin-walled cell, to 10 mm long, to 4 mm wide. Fronds crowded, erect, dimorphic, fertile generally overtop the sterile, sterile to 1.04 m long, fertile to 1.28 m long; stipe firm, castaneous to ferrugineous, adaxially sulcate, sterile to 400 mm long, to 7 mm in diameter, fertile to 655 mm long, to 8 mm in diameter, initially closely set with scales, glabrous later, scales thinly chartaceous, stramineous, sessile, linear-flagelliform to filiform, cordate, entire, apex terminates in an oblong thin-walled cell, to 22 mm long, to 1.5 mm wide; lamina catadromous, 1-pinnate, sterile elliptic, with up to 21 free pinna pairs, to 645 mm long, to 210 mm wide, fertile elliptic, to 630 mm long, to 170 mm wide, with up to 20 free pinna pairs; rachis adaxially shallowly sulcate, initially closely set with scales similar to those on the stipe, glabrous or near-glabrous later; pinnae herbaceous, petiolate, petiole to 1 mm long, sterile oblong-cuneate, inequilateral, narrowly to broadly cuneate acroscopically, obtuse basiscopically becoming decurrent towards the apex, serrate, to 116 mm long, to 19 mm wide, spaced or imbricate, fertile linear, to 142 mm long, to 3 mm wide, spaced, adaxially initially set with ferrugineous to stramineous, filiform scales, becoming glabrous later, abaxially variously set with scales along the costa, scales chartaceous, ferrugineous, sessile, lanceolate-flagellate to ovate-flagellate, cordate to cordate-imbricate, entire or with a few marginal outgrowths, apex terminates in an oblong, thin-walled cell, to 4 mm long, to 1.2 mm wide; costa adaxially sulcate, sulcus confluent with that of the rachis, pronounced abaxially. Venation catadromous, evident, forked, the free vein branches terminate in an enlarged apex in the sinus between the teeth near the margin, in the fertile the veins form a near-marginal vascular commissure. Sori linear, extending the entire length of the pinnae; indusium chartaceous, brown, linear, repand to lacerate; sporangium long-stalked, simple, 3-seriate below the capsule, capsule broadly elliptic in lateral view, with 18(-22) indurated annulus cells, epistomium (4-)5(-8)-celled, hypostomium (4-)5(-8)-celled. Spores elliptic, monolete, with narrow reticulate ridges, (48-)56.8(-60) x (34-)38.2(-44) µm.
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Rhizome short-decumbent, irregularly branched, up to 12 mm in diam., with stipe bases and ferruginous to stramineous, adnate, triangular to lanceolate scales, up to 10 x 4 mm, entire. Fronds crowded, erect, dimorphic, the fertile generally overtop the sterile; sterile up to 1.04 m long; fertile up to 1.28 m long. Stipe firm, castaneous to ferruginous; sterile up to 400 mm long, up to 7 mm in diam.; fertile up to 655 mm long, up to 8 mm in diam., initially scaled; scales stramineous, linear-flagelliform to filiform, up to 22 x 1.5 mm, entire. Lamina 1-pinnate; sterile elliptic, up to 645 x 210 mm, with up to 21 pinna pairs; fertile elliptic, up to 630 x 170 mm, with up to 20 pinna pairs. Pinnae herbaceous; sterile oblong-cuneate, up to 116 x 19 mm, serrate; fertile linear, up to 142 x 3 mm, adaxially initially with ferruginous to stramineous, filiform scales, abaxially variously set with scales along costa; scales ferruginous, lanceolate-flagellate to ovate-flagellate, up to 3 x 1.2 mm. Sori linear, extending entire length of pinnae. Indusium linear, repand to lacerate.
Rhizome creeping, up to 20 mm in diameter, set with ovate-acuminate, entire, light brown, concolorous rhizome-scales c. 10 mm long. Fronds arching, firmly herbaceous; stipe castaneous, nitid, set with scattered ovate acute scales basally; sterile lamina oblong-acute, up to 0.63 x 0.22 m, lower pinnae not reduced; pinnae shortly petiolate, base cuneate, minutely serrate, glabrous except for a few hair-like scales along the raised and sulcate costa above, set with hair-like scales and with brown ovate-lanceolate scales up to 3 mm long along costa below; fertile lamina narrowly oblong-acute, up to 0.4 x 0.13 m, lower pinnae not reduced; pinnae undulate, narrowly linear-acuminate, petiolate, somewhat auriculate basally, set with hair-like scales, and with ovate-lanceolate scales along costa below. Sori extending from base almost to apex of fertile pinnae; indusium dark brown, lacerate, c. 1.5 mm broad.
Perennial with massive rhizome. Fronds erect or arching, to 2 m long, stipe scaled, sterile lamina herbaceous, oblong-acute, 1-pinnate, pinnae oblong-acuminate, minutely serrate, fertile lamina narrowly oblong-acute, pinnae linear. Sori extending most of the length of the fertile pinnae, indusium lacerate.
Rhizome creeping, set with light brown rhizome scales. Sterile pinnae with bases unequally cuneate, petiolate, margins obviously serrate. Scales at base of stipe ovate-acute. Sterile lamina up to 0.63 x 0.22 m. Fertile lamina up to 400 x 130 mm.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
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Root system rhizome
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Environment

Light -
Soil humidity 5-8
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Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
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Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

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Distribution

Blechnum capense world distribution map, present in South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:17058360-1
WFO ID wfo-0001110886
COL ID -
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 774564
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Synonyms

Blechnum capense