Brassica fruticulosa Cirillo

Mediterranean cabbage (en), Chou fruticuleux (fr), Chou ligneux (fr), Chou buissonnant (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Brassicales > Brassicaceae > Brassica

Characteristics

Annuals, biennials, or perennials; glabrous or nearly so. Stems branched distally, 3-9 dm. Basal leaves (early deciduous); petiole 1.5-6 cm; blade lyrate-pinnatifid, 3-10(-15) cm × 10-65 mm, lobes 1-3 (or 4) each side. Cauline leaves shortly petiolate; blade (often lanceolate, reduced in size distally), base tapered or cuneate, not auriculate, (apex acute). Racemes paniculately branched. Fruiting pedicels spreading to divaricately ascending, (slender), (5-)10-15(-25) mm. Flowers: sepals 3-8 × 1-1.7 mm; petals pale yellow, narrowly obovate, 7-15 × 3-4 mm, claw 2-3 mm, apex rounded; filaments 3-6 mm; anthers 1.5-2 mm; gynophore 1-1.5 mm in fruit. Fruits (stipitate), spreading to divaricately ascending, strongly torulose, linear, subcylindric, 1.5-3 cm × 1.5-2 mm; valvular segment with 5-13 seeds per locule, 1.2-2.5 cm, terminal segment seedless or 1-seeded, (conic), 3-6 mm. Seeds brown or yellow, 0.6-1.2 mm diam.; seed coat finely reticulate-alveolate, not mucilaginous when wetted. 2n = 16.
More
Biennial to perennial with lax rosette. Stems erect, glabrous or sparsely hairy below, to 1 m tall; older stems woody. Lvs glaucous, glabrous or sparsely bristly, petiolate. Rosette and lower stem lvs lyrate-pinnatifid to lyrate-pinnate, (4)-8-20 × (2)-3-8 cm; margins crenate to dentate; terminal lobe large, often 3-lobed; lateral lobes subacute or obtuse, in 2-4 pairs, the proximal deflexed. Stem lvs becoming simple, linear, entire, c. 30 × 2 mm. Racemes 12-35 cm long; open fls slightly overtopping buds. Sepals narrow-oblong, 4-5 × c. 1 mm. Petals yellow, 7-9 × 4-5 mm. Lateral stamens spreading. Silique terete, glabrous, linear-oblong, constricted between seeds, (15)-20-35 × 2-3 mm; gynophore 1-2 mm long; valves with prominent median and 4 weaker lateral veins; beak conic, 0-2-seeded, 3-5 mm long. Seeds red-brown, c. 1 mm diam.
Biennial or perennial, more or less woody at base, usually glabrous, often glaucescent, erect, to 50 cm tall. Basal leaves petiolate, lyrate-pinnatifid, the terminal segment large; lobes rounded or obtuse, of 2–3 pairs, sparsely hispid; upper leaves petiolate or narrowed to base, diminishing, the uppermost linear and more or less entire. Inflorescence elongating from concave corymb. Sepals 4–5 mm long, sub-erect. Petals 9–10 mm long, pale yellow fading to white. Ovary on gynophore 1–3 mm long. Siliqua 1.5–4 cm long, 1.5–2 mm wide; valves somewhat constricted between seeds, the midrib not prominent; beak with 0–2 seeds, 2–7 mm long. Seeds 1 mm wide, red-brown.
A cabbage family herb. It is a medium sized erect herb. It grows 50 cm high. It can grow each year from seed or keep growing from year to year. It can become woody at the base. The leaves are lyre shaped or can have lobes. The flowers are yellow and 8-12 mm long. It is like Indian mustard but the seed pod has a short blunt beak. It is constricted along its length. It encloses 1 or 2 seeds.
Life form
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread barochory
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.5
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JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
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Nitrogen fixer -
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Environment

It is a warm temperate plant. It will grow in most soils. It is resistant to drought and frost.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 3-5
Soil texture 1-4
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 6-11

Usage

It is eaten fried with garlic oil and chili pepper.
Uses gene source oil
Edible leaves
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

It is grown by seed.
Mode -
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Images

Habit

Brassica fruticulosa habit picture by Manuëlle (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Brassica fruticulosa leaf picture by Pierre Nicolin (cc-by-sa)
Brassica fruticulosa leaf picture by Rosselló Carles de (cc-by-sa)
Brassica fruticulosa leaf picture by Rosselló Carles de (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Brassica fruticulosa flower picture by Pierre Nicolin (cc-by-sa)
Brassica fruticulosa flower picture by Lionel PIVEAU (cc-by-sa)
Brassica fruticulosa flower picture by Sylvie RC (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Brassica fruticulosa fruit picture by Lionel PIVEAU (cc-by-sa)
Brassica fruticulosa fruit picture by Fernandez Cusachs Marc (cc-by-sa)
Brassica fruticulosa fruit picture by Llandrich anna (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Brassica fruticulosa world distribution map, present in Australia, France, New Zealand, and United States of America

Conservation status

Brassica fruticulosa threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:72185-3
WFO ID wfo-0000571112
COL ID N7YQ
BDTFX ID 74997
INPN ID 86369
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Erucastrum fruticulosum Brassica fruticulosa var. leucantha Brassica fruticulosa var. vera Brassica parra var. psammophila Brassica fruticulosa subsp. fruticulosa Brassica fruticulosa

Lower taxons

Brassica fruticulosa subsp. cossoniana Brassica fruticulosa subsp. glaberrima Brassica fruticulosa subsp. numidica Brassica fruticulosa subsp. radicata Brassica fruticulosa subsp. pomeliana