Chironia decumbens Levyns

Species

Angiosperms > Gentianales > Gentianaceae > Chironia

Characteristics

Sparsely branched, rather weak herbs with some stems decumbent, rooting at the nodes; branches subquadrate; specimens dry a light yellowish green. Leaves suberect, linear to narrowly elliptic or narrowly oblong, 1.3-4.3 cm long and 2-7.5 mm broad, longer or shorter than the internodes, apex subobtuse or in some cases acuminate to an acute point, base broad or in elliptic leaves cuneate. Inflorescence terminal on the branches, flowers single or in lax monochasial cymes; pedicels 1.5-6 cm long. Calyx about 1.4 cm long, about as long as the corolla tube; tube about 2 mm long, lobes 1.2 cm long, narrowly triangular or lanceolate, long attenuate to an acute apex, obscurely keeled. Corolla magenta-pink, 2.2-3 cm long; tube about 1.3 cm long, tubular, narrowing slightly into a long neck and slightly widened at the mouth; lobes more or less elliptic, 1.5 cm long and 7 mm broad, gradually narrowing towards, and abruptly acuminate near, the acute apex; margin sometimes obscurely toothed or crenate on one side. Stamens inserted about 2 mm below the rim; filaments about 4 mm long, linear-subulate, slightly and gradually widened towards the base and decurrent on the tube at least as a nerve; anthers about 4 mm long, straight or very slightly twisted at the apex, rarely distinctly twisted (hybrid origin?). Ovary about 1.1 cm long, narrowed gradually into the 1.2 cm long style; stigma broadly peltate, stigmatic round the margins, sometimes 2-cleft. Capsule about 1.6 cm long, acute with the style persistent, splitting into two sometimes with the apex still intact. Seeds subglobcse, small, honey-combed.
More
Herbaceous plant, 0.3-1.0 m high; stems simple, erect, base sometimes elongated to creeping rhizome. Leaves clustered at base, often with 1-3 cauline pairs, usually much shorter than internodes; basal leaves oblanceolate to linear-spathulate, up to 300 x 17 mm, base linear, apex obtuse. Flowers in terminal cymes, usually forming a thyrse, rachis (inflorescence axis) erect, 10-30 mm long, crowded, fastigiate (± parallel to other members). Corolla cerise-pink to magenta, ± 20 mm long; tube 7 mm long; lobes oblong-elliptic, narrowing to acute apex. Stamens 5, inserted ± 1.5 mm below rim; anthers twisted. Ovary narrowing into 10 mm long style. Flowering time Nov.-Jan. Fruit an ovoid capsule, with acute apex.
Decumbent perennial rooting at nodes. Leaves linear to elliptic. Flowers pink, corolla tube ± 13 mm long, ovary and fruits acuminate, stigma broadly peltate.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.3 - 1.0
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture 5-6
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-11

Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Chironia decumbens world distribution map, present in South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:366799-1
WFO ID wfo-0000602687
COL ID 69SW8
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Chironia decumbens Chironia maritima Chironia maritima