Cleome macrophylla (Klotzsch) Briq.

Species

Angiosperms > Brassicales > Cleomaceae > Cleome

Characteristics

Erect, annual herb, 20-40 cm tall, branched. Stems glabrous or very sparsely glandular-puberulous when young. Leaves 3-foliolate, petiolate; petioles up to 6 cm long, glabrous; leaflets linear to narrowly lanceolate, 1-6.5 cm long, 0.5-2.5 mm broad(often broader in tropical Africa), acuminate at the apex, cuneate at the base, sparsely and minutely asperulous at least on the margins. Inflorescence a relatively dense, terminal raceme, rapidly elongating in fruit; bracts simple, linear, 1 mm long, caducous; pedicels shorter than the gynophore, slender, up to 4 mm long, glandular-puberulous. Sepals linear-subulate, unequal, 4-8 mm long, glabrous or sparsely setulose on keel and margins. Petals oblong-spathulate, 8-14 mm long, 1.5-2.5 mm broad, apex obtuse, tapering into a basal claw almost as long as the lamina, mauve, the two upper ones usually with a bright yellow median spot surrounded by a dark purple line. Stamens 6-12, all fertile though some have smaller anthers; filaments slender, the longer eventually exceeding the petals; anthers about 2 mm long, finally coiled. Ovary linear, glabrous, 1 mm long on a gynophore about 1.5 mm long; style about 0.5 mm long; stigma capitate. Capsule narrowly linear, 4-9 cm long, 1.5-2 mm broad, straight, spreading; gynophore up to 1.3 cm long; valves glabrous with about 3 longitudinal nerves; style 2-4 mm long. Seeds brown, circular in outline, slightly flattened, transversely ridged.
More
Annual herb, rather wiry and much branched, up to 6 dm. tall, glabrous or with small scattered glandular hairs.. Leaves petiolate, 3-foliolate; leaflets linear, narrowly elliptic or lanceolate, 12–50 mm. long, 1–18 mm. wide, glabrous or with small scattered bristly hairs, especially on the margins; petiole 2–7 cm. long.. Inflorescence up to 30 cm. or more long, with the flowers rather crowded at the top and the rhachis rapidly elongating in fruit; bracts minute, subulate, somewhat membranous, caducous.. Sepals linear-subulate, up to 5 mm. long, with a blackish-red fragile apex.. Petals 7–14 mm. long, pink or mauve, the upper pair often yellow-spotted.. Stamens ± 9.. Gynophore 3–4(–14) mm. long.. Capsules 4.5–10 cm. long, glabrous.. Seeds ±1.5 mm. in diameter with fine longitudinal striations and low transverse ridges.. Fig. 2/13, p. 10.
A herb. It grows each year from seeds. The leaves have 3 leaflets. The leaflets are more than 2 mm wide. The leaf stalks are long. The flowers are in groups at the ends of stalks. The flowers are mauve with purple markings. The fruit capsule is 7-10 mm long.
Leaves 3-foliolate; leaflets 1–6.5 x 0.05–2.5 cm., linear, narrowly lanceolate or narrowly ovate, acuminate at the apex, cuneate at the base, sparsely and minutely asperulous at least on the margins; petiole up to 6.5 cm. long, glabrous.
Petals mauve, the two upper ones with a bright yellow spot surrounded by a short, dark purple line, 8–14 x 1.5–2.5 mm.; lamina narrowly elliptic-oblong, acute or rather blunt, basal claw almost as long as the lamina.
Erect annual herb, up to 400 mm tall. Leaves 3-foliolate. Two upper petals with bright yellow median spot surrounded by dark purple line. Stamens fertile, sube-qual, borne on short receptacle. Flowers mauve.
Stamens 6–12, all fertile though some have smaller anthers; filaments slender, rather unequal, the longer at length slightly exceeding the petals; anther-thecae up to 2 mm. long, linear-oblong.
Capsule 4–9 x 0.15–0.2 cm., on a glabrous gynophore up to 1.3 cm. long; valves linear, tapering to both ends, glabrous, with about 3 longitudinal nerves; persistent style 2–4 mm. long.
Inflorescence of moderately dense terminal racemes, rapidly elongating in fruit; bracts c. 1 mm. long, caducous, subulate; pedicels up to 4 mm. long, glandular-puberulous, slender.
Sepals purplish at the tips, up to 5 mm. long, linear-subulate, unequal, glabrous or sparsely setulose on the keel and margins.
Erect, branching, annual herb to 0.6 m. tall; stems striate, glabrous or very sparsely glandular-puberulous when very young.
Ovary linear, glabrous, on a gynophore c. 1.5 mm. long; style 0.5 mm. long; stigma capitate.
Seeds c. 1.5 mm. in diam., brown, transversely ridged.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a tropical plant. It grows along rivers and on shallow soil.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture 5-6
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) -

Usage

They are cooked and the water changed several times before eating.
Uses -
Edible flowers leaves stems
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) 10
Germination temperacture (C°) 21 - 23
Germination luminosity light
Germination treatment stratification
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Cleome macrophylla world distribution map, present in South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:147161-1
WFO ID wfo-0000611412
COL ID VZ7Q
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Cleome macrophylla Cleome nationae Chilocalyx macrophyllus Chilocalyx tenuifolius Cleome chilocalyx Cleome inconcinna Cleome macrophylla var. maculatiflora