Cleome monophylla L.

Species

Angiosperms > Brassicales > Cleomaceae > Cleome

Characteristics

Erect, annual herb up to 50 cm tall, usually branched. Stems striate, pubescent, often with some gland-tipped hairs. Leaves simple, petiolate; petiole up to 4 cm long; lamina entire, pubescent on both sides, linear-lanceolate to oblong-ovate, 2-7 cm long, 0.3-2.5 cm broad, apex acute to subacute, base truncate or rounded to subcordate. Inflorescence a terminal lax raceme elongating in fruit; bracts sessile, similar to the leaves but smaller and slightly more cordate at the base; pedicels slender, glandular-pubescent, up to 1 cm long, elongating in fruit to 2 cm. Sepals up to 5 mm long, linear-lanceolate, acuminate, pubescent with simple and some glandular hairs. Petals pink to pale mauve with a transverse yellow band outlined in purple on the upper two, rarely completely white, 3-9 mm long, spathulate, rounded at the apex, narrowing to a basal claw. Stamens 6, all fertile, unequal; filaments slender, up to 1 cm long, glabrous; anthers oblong, about 1.5 mm long. Ovary almost sessile, 1.5 mm long, puberulous; style very short; stigma capitate. Capsule narrowly linear, 5-11 cm long, about 3 mm broad, straight or slightly curved, spreading, acute at the base and apex, with up to 6 longitudinal nerves on each valves; gynophore short, up to 3 mm long. Seeds brown to dark brown, almost circular in outline, somewhat flattened, about 1.8 mm in diameter, transversely ridged.
More
Annual herb, erect or spreading, up to 1 m. tall, very variable.. Stem abundantly covered with rather short glandular and longer eglandular hairs.. Leaves simple, very variable; blade usually lanceolate or oblong, more rarely ovate or linear-lanceolate, 1.4–4–7 cm. long, 0.75–1–3 cm. wide, pubescent on both surfaces with hairs like those of the stem.. Inflorescence up to 30 cm. long.. Sepals 3–5 mm. long.. Petals pink or mauve (or ? sometimes yellow).. Stamens 6.. Capsules 2.5–8 cm. long, sessile or borne on a gynophore up to 2(–7) mm. long, abundantly covered with glandular and eglandular hairs.. Seeds up to 1.8 mm. in diameter, brown with fine longitudinal striations and very low transverse ridges.. Fig. 2/19, p. 10.
Annual herb, up to 0.5 m high, erect. Stems striate, pubescent. Leaves simple, petiolate, pubescent; linear-lanceolate to oblong-ovate, margins entire. Inflorescence a terminal raceme. Sepals linear-lanceolate, pubescent. Petals pink to pale mauve with a transverse yellow band outlined in purple on the upper two, spathulate. Stamens 6. Ovary almost sessile, puberulous. Fruit a narrowly linear capsule, straight or slightly curved, spreading. Seeds brown to dark brown, almost circular in outline, somewhat flattened, transversely ridged.
Annual herb, up to 500 mm high. Stems erect; pubescent, often with glandular hairs. Leaves all simple petiolate; blade narrowly ovate to oblong-ovate, 20-70 x 3-25 mm, base truncate or rounded, apex acute; petiole up to 40 mm long. Flowers: stamens all fertile; petals spathulate, 3-9 mm long, pink to pale mauve, rarely white, two upper petals with a transverse yellow band outlined in purple; Nov.-May. Fruit 50-110 x 3 mm; seeds brown to dark brown, ± circular, ± 2 mm in diameter, transversely ridged.
A small annual herb. It is erect and hairy. It grows 30-60 cm high. It can be spreading. The leaves are simple and undivided. They are 2.5-8 cm long and narrow. The flowers are pink and purple. The pods are long and thin. They are 5-11 mm long by 3 mm wide. They contain several small flat seeds.
Leaves petiolate; lamina 2–7.5 x 0.3–2.5 cm., linear-lanceolate to oblong, acute or subacute at the apex, rounded or slightly cordate at the base, entire, pubescent on both sides with hairs often glandular; petiole up to 3 cm. long (often less), pubescent.
Capsule up to c. 10 cm. long, narrowly linear, puberulous, straight or slightly curved, narrowed to both ends with up to 6 longitudinal, anastomosing nerves on each valve; gynophore very short, up to 2 mm. long; style persistent.
Inflorescence a raceme, elongating in fruit; bracts sessile, similar to the leaves but slightly more cordate at the base and smaller; pedicels slender, glandular-pubescent, up to 1 cm. long, elongating in fruit up to 2 cm.
Petals pale rose or mauve, with a yellow band bordered with purple on the upper two, rarely white, lamina up to 9 mm. long, oblong, rounded at the apex, narrowing into a basal claw somewhat shorter than the lamina.
Erect annual herb, up to 500 mm tall. Leaves all simple. Two upper petals with transverse yellow band, outlined in purple. Flowers pink to pale mauve.
Seeds dark brown, c. 1.8 mm. in diam., radially ridged with the ridges bearing minute puberulous incrustations visible only at a x 40 magnification.
Sepals up to 5 mm. long, linear-lanceolate, caudate or long-acuminate at the apex, pubescent outside with some hairs glandular.
Stamens 6, unequal, all fertile; filaments slender, up to 1 cm. long, glabrous; anthers oblong, c. 1.5 mm. long.
Ovary almost sessile, c. 1.5 mm. long, linear-oblong, puberulous; style very short; stigma capitate.
Erect annual herb to 0.6 m. tall, usually branched.
Stems pubescent with some hairs gland-tipped.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

A weed of fields and waste places. Common in moist Hyparrhenia grasslands, deciduous woodland, bushlands, lake shores, and as a weed of cultivation and on disturbed ground, usually at low to medium elevations of 30-2,100 metres.
More
A tropical plant. It grows in the Sahel regions in West Africa. It grows in areas with a rainfall of about 100 mm per year. It grows in hot arid places. It grows between 30-2,100 m above sea level. It can grow in arid places.
A weed of fields and waste places.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 1-4
Soil texture 4-6
Soil acidity 3-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

The leaves are used as a vegetable. It has an unpleasant smell and acrid taste. Sometimes it is cooked a day before eaten to remove these aspects. The seeds are used like mustard.
Uses animal food food gene source material medicinal oil
Edible flowers fruits leaves seeds shoots stems
Therapeutic use Ear diseases (leaf), Fainting (unspecified), Antifungal agents (whole plant)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

It can be grown from seeds.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 10 - 15
Germination temperacture (C°) 24 - 25
Germination luminosity light
Germination treatment stratification
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Flower

Cleome monophylla flower picture by Umang Dubey (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Cleome monophylla world distribution map, present in Ethiopia, India, Sri Lanka, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:147187-1
WFO ID wfo-0000611439
COL ID VZ7Y
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Cleome epilobioides Cleome subcordata Sieruela viscosa Cleome cordata Cleome massae Cleome monophylla var. madagascariensis Cleome monophylla