Euphorbia cotinifolia L.

Mexican shrubby spurge (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Malpighiales > Euphorbiaceae > Euphorbia

Characteristics

Tree, head strongly branched, to 10 m, branches terete, articulate, glabrous. Leaves ternate (rarely alternate at some nodes); stipules obsolete; petiole 2-6 cm long, slender; blade ovate, 4-6 X 3-5 cm, green, glabrous or with scattered short hairs, the base rounded, sometimes obscurely peltate, the margin entire, the apex truncate to emarginate. Cyathia in terminal cymes, often forming showy panicles with up to 30 on each of 6-12 laterals at the tip of a branch, campanulate, ca 3 mm diam, the lobes broad, fimbriate and often white at their apices; glands 5(4), brown, the appendages larger than glands, white. Fruit not seen from Panamanian material; a Mexican collection (Pringle 6069 MO) has capsules broadly ovoid, to 6 mm diam, sparsely pubescent; seed ovoid, ca 2.5 mm long, somewhat angled, the surface deeply pitted with pits ? in rows and occasionally also warted, ecar-unculate.
More
This popular, small shrubby tree, originating from Central America produces vast numbers of seedlings and naturalizes easily. It grows to ± 3 m. high.. It is prized for its ornamental foliage, its leaves being purplish brown and broadly ovate with long petioles.. The inflorescences are relatively inconspicuous, produced as small, few-branched cymes consisting of tiny cyathia bearing purplish glands with creamy lobed petaloid appendages.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support -
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality monoecy
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 6.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Not known
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 3-5
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 10-11

Usage

Uses environmental use medicinal poison
Edible -
Therapeutic use Caustic (unspecified), Condyloma (unspecified), Emetic (unspecified), Homicide (unspecified), Piscicide (unspecified), Poison (unspecified), Purgative (unspecified), Vesicant (unspecified), Wound (unspecified), Repellant(Ant) (unspecified), Cathartic (unspecified), Poison(Arrow) (unspecified), Poison(Criminal) (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings. Seeds needs soaking.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) 10 - 15
Germination temperacture (C°) 21 - 26
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Euphorbia cotinifolia leaf picture by Mahesh Rohan (cc-by-sa)
Euphorbia cotinifolia leaf picture by mormukut sharma (cc-by-sa)
Euphorbia cotinifolia leaf picture by mohan kumar (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Euphorbia cotinifolia flower picture by BM Dayana (cc-by-sa)
Euphorbia cotinifolia flower picture by Vega Camila (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Euphorbia cotinifolia world distribution map, present in Benin, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Brazil, Costa Rica, Cayman Islands, Dominica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Indonesia, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Puerto Rico, Suriname, Taiwan, Province of China, and Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

Conservation status

Euphorbia cotinifolia threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346143-1
WFO ID wfo-0000961528
COL ID 3CNF9
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 445626
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Tithymalus cotinifolius Alectoroctonum cotinifolium Aklema cotinifolia Aklema scotanum Euphorbia venenata Euphorbia scotana Euphorbia cotinifolia

Lower taxons

Euphorbia cotinifolia subsp. cotinoides