Ficus caulocarpa Miq.

Species

Angiosperms > Rosales > Moraceae > Ficus

Characteristics

Tree up to 20(-35) m tall, hemi-epiphytic, deciduous. Branches drying (red-)brown. Leafy twigs 2-4(-8) mm thick, slightly angular to subterete, glabrous. Leaves spirally arranged; lamina oblong to elliptic to (sub)ovate to subobovate (or to lanceolate), 6-19 by 2-7.5 cm, (sub)coriaceous, apex (short-)acuminate, the acumen blunt to sharp, base rounded to subcordate or to obtuse (to cuneate); both surfaces glabrous; cystoliths only beneath; lateral veins 10-16 pairs, the basal pair up to c. 1/10 the length of the lamina, unbranched, tertiary venation reticulate to partly parallel to the lateral veins; waxy gland at the base of the midrib, mostly in a groove when dry; petiole (1.5-)2-5(-8) cm long, glabrous (or minutely puberulous), the epidermis usually flaking off, and then mostly only at the uppermost part or also at the base; stipules 0.2-0.8(-1) (on opening-shoots up to 4.5) cm long, glabrous or white puberulous (sometimes only on the margins), caducous or subpersistent at the apices of leafy twigs, forming ovoid terminal buds. Figs axillary and ramiflorous on up to 0.3 cm long spurs, in pairs, solitary, or on spurs up to 8 together; peduncle 0.1-0.5 cm long, puberulous to glabrous; basal bracts 3, 1.5-2 mm long, puberulous or glabrous, often splitting into lobes, persistent; receptacle subglobose, 0.3-0.5(-0.7) cm diam. when dry, glabrous, turning from white to pink to purple to blackish at maturity, apex convex to flat, ostiole c. 1.5 mm diam., ± prominent to flat, the upper ostiolar bracts glabrous; internal hairs abundant, chaffy. Staminate flowers near the ostiole. Tepals reddish. Ovary dark red.
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Trees, large, deciduous. Bark dark brown. Branchlets pale brown, glabrous. Stipules caducous, broadly lanceolate, 2-4 cm. Petiole slender, 2-4 cm, glabrous or sparsely pubescent; leaf blade elliptic to oblong, 15-20 × 7-9.5 cm, papery, glabrous, base obtuse to rounded, margin entire or slightly undulate, apex abruptly shortly acuminate; secondary veins 9-15 on each side of midvein. Figs axillary on leafy branchlets or on leafless main branches, (1 or) in clusters of 2-8, yellow and white tinged red when mature, 5-8 mm in diam., with conspicuous interfloral bristles; peduncle 5-7 mm; involucral bracts cuplike. Male, gall, and female flowers within same fig. Male flowers: few, near apical pore, sessile; calyx lobes 3 or 4, involute; stamen 1; filament very short. Gall flowers: sessile; calyx lobes 2 or 3; ovary globose to obovate, glabrous; style subapical, short; stigma dilated. Female flowers: calyx lobes 2 or 3; ovary obovate, glabrous; style subapical, long. Achenes flat, smooth. Fl. and fr. Apr-Jul.
A fig. It is a large tree. It loses its leaves during the year. Trees are of one sex. The bark is greyish brown. The branches are pale brown. The leafy growth at the base of the leaf is sword shaped and 2-4 cm long. The leaf stalk is 2-4 cm long and thin. The leaf blade is oblong and 15-20 cm long by 7-9.5 cm wide. The base is rounded and the tip tapers to a short sharp point. There are 9-15 secondary veins each side of the midrib. The figs occur as 2-8 in a group and they are yellow and white when mature. They occur in the axils of leaves or on small branches without leaves. They are 5-8 mm across. The fruit stalk is 5-7 mm long. The male and female flowers occur in the same fig. The male flowers are few and are near the hole.
Life form -
Growth form tree
Growth support hemiepiphyte
Foliage retention
Sexuality monoecy
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 20.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

A tropical plant. In the Philippines it is in Luzon and Bontoc.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

Uses material medicinal social use
Edible fruits
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) 15 - 90
Germination temperacture (C°) 21 - 26
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Ficus caulocarpa leaf picture by Noel Dionson (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Ficus caulocarpa world distribution map, present in China, Indonesia, Iceland, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Malaysia, Philippines, Papua New Guinea, Singapore, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Taiwan, Province of China, and Uruguay

Conservation status

Ficus caulocarpa threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852573-1
WFO ID wfo-0000687737
COL ID 6HVMC
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Ficus stipulosa Ficus weinlandii Urostigma caulocarpum Urostigma stipulosum Ficus caulocarpa var. dasycarpa Ficus infectoria var. caulocarpa Ficus virens var. caulocarpa Ficus caulocarpa