Ficus exasperata Vahl

Species

Angiosperms > Rosales > Moraceae > Ficus

Characteristics

Shrub or tree up to 20(–30) m. tall.. Leafy twigs 1–5 mm. thick, hispidulous.. Leaves almost distichous and alternate, sometimes subopposite; lamina subcoriaceous to coriaceous, ovate to elliptic or obovate, sometimes oblong or subcircular, 2.5–16 × 1–12 cm., sometimes ± asymmetrical, apex shortly acuminate, sometimes acute, obtuse or rounded, base acute to obtuse or occasionally subcordate, margin dentate to subentire; upper surface scabrous, hispidulous, lower surface scabrous, hispidulous or partly hirtellous to subtomentose; lateral veins 3–5(–6) pairs; petiole 0.5–2.5 cm. long; stipules 0.2–0.5 cm. long, strigillose to strigose, caducous.. Figs in pairs or solitary in the leaf-axils, just below the leaves or sometimes on the olderwood; peduncle 0.5–1(–1.5) cm. long; 1–5 broadly ovate bracts scattered on the peduncle, 1–4 similar ones on the outer surface of the receptacle.. Receptacle subglobose, 1–2.5 cm. in diameter when fresh, 0.8–1.5 cm. when dry, hispidulous, yellow, orange or reddish at maturity.
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Leaves almost distichous and alternate, sometimes subopposite; lamina ovate to elliptic or obovate, sometimes to oblong or subcircular, 2–16(20) x 1–12 cm., sometimes ± asymmetrical, subcoriaceous to coriaceous, apex shortly acuminate, sometimes acute, obtuse or rounded, base cuneate or occasionally subcordate, margin dentate to subentire; superior surface scabrous, hispidulous, the inferior surface scabrous, hispidulous or partly hirtellous to subtomentose; lateral veins 3–5(6) pairs; petiole 5–22(60) mm. long; stipules 2–5 mm. long, strigillose to strigose, caducous.
A fig. It is a tree. It grows 21 m tall. The trunk can be 50 cm across. It can have slight buttresses. It does not have aerial roots. It loses its leaves in the dry season. The leaves are rough like sandpaper. They have teeth around the edge. They are 12 cm long by 8 cm wide. The figs are in the axils of leaves or on lumps on the wood of last year's best branches. They occur singly or in pairs. They are pink or orange-red when ripe.
Figs in pairs or solitary in the leaf axils, just below the leaves or sometimes on the older wood; peduncle 5–10(15) mm. long; bracts 1–5, broadly ovate, scattered on the peduncle, 1–4 similar bracts on the receptacle outer surface; receptacle subglobose, 10–25 mm. in diam. when fresh, 8–15 mm. in diam. when dry, hispidulous, yellow, orange or reddish at maturity.
Leafy twigs 1-5 mm. thick, hispidulous.
Shrub or tree, up to 20(30) m. tall.
A deciduous tree, up to 70 ft. high
Coppice shoots with lobed leaves
Sap viscid, not milky
Very rough leaves
Smooth grey bark
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality gynodioecy
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 20.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

A tropical plant. It grows in the drier parts of the evergreen forest in West Africa. In Malawi it grows in lowland and mid altitude rainforest and along rivers. It suits humid locations. It is recorded between 600-1,450 m altitude.
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Drier parts of the evergreen forest and in secondary jungle. Evergreen forests and forest margins, and riverine vegetation, often as a strangler, sometimes persisting in cleared places.
In the drier types of forest.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The ripe fruit are eaten.
Uses animal food charcoal environmental use food material medicinal poison wood
Edible fruits leaves saps
Therapeutic use Burn (unspecified), Eye (unspecified), Swelling (unspecified), Inflammation (unspecified), Medicine (unspecified), Hepatomegaly (unspecified), Splenomegaly (unspecified), Cardiovascular system (whole plant excluding root)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

The wasp pollinator is Kradibia gestroi afrum (Wiebes).
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) 15 - 90
Germination temperacture (C°) 21 - 26
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Ficus exasperata leaf picture by Gnagbo Anthelme (cc-by-sa)
Ficus exasperata leaf picture by Gnagbo Anthelme (cc-by-sa)
Ficus exasperata leaf picture by Gnagbo Anthelme (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Ficus exasperata world distribution map, present in Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Central African Republic, Côte d'Ivoire, Cameroon, Congo, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Equatorial Guinea, India, Kenya, Liberia, Sri Lanka, Mali, Mozambique, Malawi, Nigeria, Sudan, Senegal, Sierra Leone, South Sudan, Sao Tome and Principe, Togo, Tanzania, United Republic of, Yemen, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Conservation status

Ficus exasperata threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852817-1
WFO ID wfo-0000688289
COL ID 6HXM4
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Ficus politoria Ficus silicea Ficus asperrima Ficus exasperata Ficus hispidissima Ficus punctifera Synoecia guillielmi-primi Ficus scabra Ficus serrata