Ficus glaberrima Blume

Species

Angiosperms > Rosales > Moraceae > Ficus

Characteristics

Trees, to 15 m tall, d.b.h. 15-30 cm. Bark gray. Branchlets pubescent when young or densely covered with short grayish white pubescence. Stipules caducous, lanceolate, ca. 1.5 cm. Petiole 1-3 cm; leaf blade brown to pale brown when dry, narrowly elliptic, 10-20 × 3-7 cm, ± leathery, abaxially glabrous or densely covered with short grayish white pubescence, base broadly cuneate to rounded, margin entire, apex acuminate; basal lateral veins short, secondary veins 8-12 on each side of midvein, conspicuous on both surfaces. Figs axillary on leafy branchlets, paired, orange-yellow when mature, globose, 7-10 mm in diam., sparsely pubescent or glabrous, apical pore small, not navel-like; peduncle 1-1.5 cm, sparsely pubescent or glabrous; involucral bracts upper part caducous but base persistent. Male, gall, and female flowers within same fig. Male flowers: few, near apical pore or scattered; calyx lobes 4, ovate-lanceolate; stamen 1. Gall flowers: sessile or with a short and thick pedicel; calyx deeply 4-lobed; ovary globose; stigma apical, short. Female flowers: sepals [3 or]4; ovary ovoid; stigma apical, long. Achenes ovoid. Fl. and fr. May-Sep.
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Tree up to 30 (or more) m tall, hemi-epiphytic or (secondarily?) terrestrial. Branches drying greyish to brown. Leafy twigs 2-3 mm thick, ± angular, glabrous or sparsely minutely whitish puberulous; periderm persistent. Leaves spirally arranged; lamina oblong, 6-15(-21) by 2.5-5.5(-8.5) cm, coriaceous, apex acuminate to subacute (to subcaudate), base cuneate to rounded; both surfaces glabrous; midrib slightly prominent to flat above, lateral veins 6-9(-10) pairs, the basal pair distinct, up to 1/10-1/6 the length of the lamina, unbranched, tertiary venation reticulate; waxy gland at the base of the midrib; petiole 1-3(-5) cm long, 1-2 mm thick, glabrous, drying brown to blackish; stipules 1-1.5(-1.7) cm long, (sub)glabrous, caducous. Figs axillary, paired (or solitary); peduncle 0.3-1.2 cm long; basal bracts early caducous; receptacle subglobose, 0.5-0.7 cm diam. when dry, glabrous, yellow-orange to purple-black at maturity, apex convex, ostiole 2-2.5 mm diam., slightly prominent to flat, the 3 upper ostiolar bracts fully imbricate; wall smooth when dry; internal hairs absent. Tepals pinkish. Ovary partly red.
A fig. It is a tree that grows 15 m tall. The trunk is 15-30 cm across. Young branches are softly hairy. The leaf stalks are 1-3 cm long. The leaves are 10-20 cm long by 3-7 cm wide. The figs are in the axils of leaves in leafy branches. They are in pairs and are orange to yellow when ripe. They are about 1 cm across.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support hemiepiphyte
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality monoecy
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 0.15 - 0.3
Mature height (meter) 15.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a subtropical plant. It grows in open forests and plains in limestone mountains between 500-2,800 m above sea level in southern China.
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Open forests in mountains and plains, limestone mountains at elevations of 500-2,800 metres.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

Uses fiber fodder material
Edible fruits
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) 15 - 90
Germination temperacture (C°) 21 - 26
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Ficus glaberrima unspecified picture

Distribution

Ficus glaberrima world distribution map, present in China, Indonesia, India, Myanmar, and Thailand

Conservation status

Ficus glaberrima threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852893-1
WFO ID wfo-0000688478
COL ID 6HXDB
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Ficus angustifolia Ficus feddei Ficus fraterna Ficus kingiana Ficus suberosa Ficus thomsonii Urostigma glaberrimum Ficus glaberrima var. pubescens Ficus glaberrima

Lower taxons

Ficus glaberrima subsp. siamensis