Ficus heteropleura Blume

Species

Angiosperms > Rosales > Moraceae > Ficus

Characteristics

Shrub, tree up to 13 m tall, often (?) lianescent and/or hemi-epiphytic. Branchlets drying brown. Leafy twigs 1-4 mm thick, sparsely brownish (sub)hispidulous or densely puberulous, ± scabrous or smooth; internodes solid. Leaves distichous; lamina elliptic to oblong to lanceolate to subovate or to subobovate, (2.5-)5-25(-45) by (1-)2.5-10(-18) cm, (almost) symmetric to slightly asymmetric, (sub)coriaceous, often drying reddish, apex caudate to acuminate, base (almost) equilateral, cuneate to rounded (to cordulate), margin entire, often slightly revolute, at the base involute; upper surface glabrous, smooth, often shiny, lower surface (very) sparsely minutely brownish hispidulous to subglabrous or brownish puberulous to subhispidulous on the veins, scabridulous to smooth; cystoliths only beneath; midrib impressed above; lateral veins (2-)3-8 pairs, the basal pair up to 1/8-1/2 the length of the lamina, mostly running close to the margin of the lamina and then unbranched, sometimes running more distantly from the margin and then branched, other lateral veins often furcate, tertiary venation (sub)reticulate to scalariform; waxy glands in the axils of one of the basal lateral veins (or in large leaves in the axils of both); petiole (0.3-)0.7-1.5(-2) cm long, sparsely brownish hispidulous or densely brownish puberulous, the epidermis flaking off; stipules amplexicaul or semi-amplexicaul, 0.2-1 cm long, glabrous or puberulous, caducous. Figs axillary or just below the leaves, in pairs or solitary; peduncle (0.1-)0.5-1.5 cm long; peduncular bracts 2 or 3, mostly near the base, 0.5-1 mm long; receptacle (sub)globose, (0.3-)0.5-1.5 cm diam. when dry, 1-2.5 cm diam. when fresh, hispidulous, scabrous, mostly without lateral bracts, (‘seed-figs’?) pinkish to dark red or (‘gall-figs’?) orange or yellow at maturity, apex convex, ostiole 1-3 mm diam., sometimes surrounded by a lobed rim; internal hairs absent or short and sparse (to abundant). Tepals whitish, glabrous. Styles glabrous.
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Shrubs, scandent. Branchlets and petioles with scurfy hairs. Stipules lanceolate, small. Leaves alternate; petiole 5-15 cm; leaf blade elliptic to obovate, 8-15 × 3-6 cm, ± leathery, base slightly asymmetric, attenuated and decurrent on petiole, margin entire or undulate from middle to apex, apex acute to caudate with a 1-2 cm cauda; veins abaxially conspicuous; basal lateral veins not elongated, secondary veins 3 or 4 on each side of midvein. Figs axillary on normal leafy shoots, paired or solitary, ± globose, 8-10 mm in diam., with short thick hairs, base attenuate into a 5-10 mm stalk, apical pore navel-like, convex, sessile. Male flowers: near apical pore, subsessile; calyx lobes 4, linear; stamen 1; rudimentary ovary present. Gall flowers: shortly pedicellate; calyx lobes 3; ovary ± globose; style lateral, short, curved. Female flowers: calyx lobes deeply 3-lobed; style persistent, long; stigma funnelform. Achenes obliquely ovoid, coarse. Fl. Jan-Aug.
A fig tree or shrub. It can be 20 m tall. The small branches have hairs. The leaves are alternate and the leaf stalk is 5-15 cm long. The leaves are narrowly oval and 8-15 cm long by 3-6 cm wide. The fruit are dark red.
Life form -
Growth form
Growth support hemiepiphyte
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality gynodioecy
Pollination entomogamy
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Mature height (meter) 13.0
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Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
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Environment

An understorey tree in undisturbed mixed dipterocarp and sub-montane forests at elevations up to 1,500 metres. Mostly on hillsides and ridges, but also along the sides of rivers and streams.
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It is a tropical plant. In southern China it grows between 100-400 m above sea level. In Indonesia it grows up to 1,500 m above sea level.
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Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

Uses medicinal
Edible fruits
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
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Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seeds.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 15 - 90
Germination temperacture (C°) 21 - 26
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Images

Ficus heteropleura unspecified picture

Distribution

Ficus heteropleura world distribution map, present in Bangladesh, Brunei Darussalam, Bhutan, China, Indonesia, India, Iceland, Kenya, Cambodia, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Myanmar, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Uruguay, and Viet Nam

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:852971-1
WFO ID wfo-0000688666
COL ID 6HWVT
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Ficus caudatifolia Ficus radicans Ficus crenulata Ficus eucaudata Ficus urophylla Ficus acuminata Ficus euryaefolia Ficus intermedia Ficus mindanaensis Ficus caudatifolia var. eucaudata Ficus caudatifolia var. ovata Ficus heteropleura var. mindanaensis Ficus radicans var. brevifolia Ficus rostrata var. urophylla Ficus heteropleura Ficus heteropleura var. caudatifolia