Ficus macrophylla Pers.

Moreton bay fig (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Rosales > Moraceae > Ficus

Characteristics

Tree to 55 m high with wide-spreading crown; trunk to 2 m diam., usually strongly buttressed. Leaves: lamina elliptic to broadly elliptic to oblong or narrowly elliptic-ovate, often broadly ovate, 8–25 cm long, 4.5–12 cm wide, broadly cuneate to subrotund or obtuse at base, entire margin, (obtuse or) acute to bluntly acuminate at apex, ferruginous-pubescent beneath, often becoming glabrescent with age; primary lateral veins 10–16 pairs, slightly more prominent than the secondary ones; petiole 5–10 cm long; stipules to 15 cm long, lightly pubescent to glabrous. Figs paired, ± globose to obloid, 1.5–2.5 cm diam.; ostiole minute, hardly raised; basal bracts 2, very broadly ovate; peduncle c. 1–2.5 cm long. Male flowers pedicellate; tepals 3 or 4. Female flowers shortly pedicellate; tepals usually 3; style short; stigma simple. [The above description requires revision-Editor, 28 January 2022.]
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A fig. It is a large spreading tree. It is evergreen. It grows to 20-40-55 m high. It spreads about the same width. There are buttresses at the base. It has strangling roots. The trunk can be short. It has irregular flanges. The bark is grey-brown and smooth. The young shoots are rusty brown. The leaves are large and leathery and dark green. They are a rusty colour underneath. The fruit or figs are 2-2.5 cm across. The figs ripen to reddish-brown.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support hemiepiphyte
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 35.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a subtropical plant. It is native to E Australia. It grows in rainforest. It suits humid locations. It can tolerate salt laden winds. They can grow in temperate places and tolerate moderate frosts. In Melbourne Botanical Gardens. It suits hardiness zones 9-11. Ficus macrophylla subsp. columnaris occurs on Lord Howe Island.
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Rainforests. Sub-tropical, littoral and dry rainforests, and riverine scrub. Montane or coastal rainforest, often in soils derived from volcanics or alluvium.
Grows in montane or coastal rainforest, often in soils derived from volcanics or alluvium.
Rainforests.
Light 4-9
Soil humidity 4-6
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 3-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-11

Usage

Widely cultivated as garden trees south as far as Victoria. Fallen leaves have been reported palatable to stock. Wood said to be useful for cases and crates.
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Young leaves are eaten in curries. The ripe fruit are eaten.
Uses animal food drinks eating environmental use fiber fodder medicinal ornamental timber wood
Edible fruits leaves seeds
Therapeutic use Wart (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants are grown from seed. The seed are removed from the fig and mixed with sand before sowing as they are very small. Take the seed from ripe purple fruit.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) 15 - 90
Germination temperacture (C°) 21 - 26
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -3
Optimum temperature (C°) 18 - 28
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Ficus macrophylla leaf picture by peter.banksii (cc-by-sa)
Ficus macrophylla leaf picture by Sam Romeyn (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Ficus macrophylla fruit picture by peter.banksii (cc-by-sa)
Ficus macrophylla fruit picture by de raj (cc-by-sa)
Ficus macrophylla fruit picture by isobel (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Ficus macrophylla world distribution map, present in Australia, Brazil, Pakistan, and United States of America

Conservation status

Ficus macrophylla threat status: Critically Endangered

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60458501-2
WFO ID wfo-0000689169
COL ID 6HWQP
BDTFX ID 167999
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Urostigma squamellosum Urostigma macrophyllum Ficus huegelii Ficus macrophylla Ficus magnolioides Ficus squamellosa Ficus macrophylla f. stenophylla Ficus macrocarpa Urostigma huegelii Ficus angladei