Ficus natalensis Hochst.

Species

Angiosperms > Rosales > Moraceae > Ficus

Characteristics

Tree up to 30 m tall, or a shrub, hemi-epiphytic or secondarily terrestrial, sometimes semi-scandent. Leafy twigs 2-5 mm thick, glabrous or sparsely minutely puberulous, periderm not flaking off. Leaves spirally arranged, or ± distichous, often subopposite; lamina oblong to elliptic or obovate to broadly obtriangular, occasionally lanceolate, 2.5-10 x 1-4.5 cm, subcoriaceous; apex shortly acuminate to obtuse or subacute to rounded or emarginate; base acute to obtuse; margin entire; both surfaces glabrous; lateral veins 6-13 pairs, midrib usually not reaching the apex of the lamina, tertiary venation reticulate or ± parallel to the lateral veins; petiole 5-20(30) mm long, 1-2(2.5) mm thick, glabrous; stipules 2-10 mm long, glabrous or puberulous, caducous. Figs in pairs in the leaf axils or sometimes also just below the leaves, initially enclosed by a calyptrate bud cover, up to 1.5 cm long, subovoid and ± glabrous; peduncle 2-10 mm long; basal bracts 1.5-2.5 mm long, caducous sometimes subpersistent. Receptacle often shortly stipitate, at least when dry, globose to ellipsoid or obovoid, c. 1.5-2 cm in diam. when fresh, 0.8-1.5 cm in diam. when dry, glabrous, reddish-orange or yellowish (to brown) at maturity; wall (rather thin) usually wrinkled when dry, apex plane or slightly protruding.
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Tree up to 30 m. tall or a shrub, hemi-epiphytic or (? secondarily) terrestrial.. Leafy twigs 2–5 mm. thick, glabrous or sparsely and minutely puberulous, periderm not flaking off.. Leaves in spirals to almost distichous and often subopposite; lamina ± coriaceous, oblong to elliptic or ± obovate, 2.5–10 × 1–4.5 cm., apex acuminate to obtuse, rounded or emarginate, base acute to obtuse, margin entire; both surfaces glabrous; lateral veins 6–13 pairs, midrib usually not reaching the apex of the lamina, tertiary venation reticulate to parallel to the lateral veins; petiole 0.5–2(–3) cm. long, 1–2(–2.5) mm. thick, glabrous; stipules 0.2–1 cm. long, glabrous or sometimes minutely and sparsely puberulous, caducous.. Figs in pairs in the leaf-axils or sometimes also just below the leaves, initially enclosed by a small or sometimes up to 1.5 cm. long almost glabrous calyptrate bud-cover; peduncle 0.2–1 cm. long; basal bracts 2–2.5 mm. long, caducous.. Receptacle often shortly stipitate at least when dry, globose to ellipsoid or obovoid, ± 1.5–2 cm. in diameter when fresh, 0.8–1.5(–1.9) cm. when dry, glabrous, reddish, orange or yellowish (to brown) at maturity; wall rather thin, usually wrinkled when dry, apex plane or slightly protruding.
Leaves spirally arranged, or ± distichous, often subopposite; lamina oblong to elliptic or obovate to broadly obtriangular, occasionally lanceolate, 2.5–10 x 1–4.5 cm., subcoriaceous; apex shortly acuminate to obtuse or subacute to rounded or emarginate; base acute to obtuse; margin entire; both surfaces glabrous; lateral veins 6–13 pairs, midrib usually not reaching the apex of the lamina, tertiary venation reticulate or ± parallel to the lateral veins; petiole 5–20(30) mm. long, 1–2(2.5) mm. thick, glabrous; stipules 2–10 mm. long, glabrous or puberulous, caducous.
A fig. It is an evergreen tree. It can be a shrub or a strangler. It lives off other plants. It grows up to 8-30 m tall. It can spread 15 m wide. The leaves vary a lot in shape. They are often thick, leathery and triangle shaped. They are 3-9 cm long by 1-4 cm wide. They occur in rings like a four leaf clover. The leaf tip is blunt. The fig fruit are 1.5 cm across. They are rusty brown.
Receptacle often shortly stipitate, at least when dry, globose to ellipsoid or obovoid, c. 1.5–2 cm. in diam. when fresh, 0.8–1.5 cm. in diam. when dry, glabrous, reddish-orange or yellowish (to brown) at maturity; wall (rather thin) usually wrinkled when dry, apex plane or slightly protruding.
Figs in pairs in the leaf axils or sometimes also just below the leaves, initially enclosed by a calyptrate bud cover, up to 1.5 cm. long, subovoid and ± glabrous; peduncle 2–10 mm. long; basal bracts 1.5–2.5 mm. long, caducous sometimes subpersistent.
Tree up to 30 m. tall, or a shrub, hemi-epiphytic or secondarily terrestrial, sometimes semi-scandent.
Leafy twigs 2–5 mm. thick, glabrous or sparsely minutely puberulous, periderm not flaking off.
A shrub or tree up to 40 ft. high, sometimes epiphytic at first
Figs becoming reddish.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support -
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality monoecy
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 15.0
Mature height (meter) 25.0 - 30.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

A tropical plant. It grows in rocky situations. It grows in tropical and Southern Africa. It grows in areas with a high water-table. It grows between 10-2,200 m above sea level. It grows in areas with an annual rainfall between 600-800 mm. It can grow in arid places. It grows in Miombo woodland in Africa. It suits hardiness zones 10-12.
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Rocks with Afrotrilepis jaegeri; niayes; edges of forest with Erythrophleum guineense, Uvaria chamae; riverine and coastal forests; swamp forest; Brachystegia-Uapaca and miombo woodland; grassland often in rocky places; groundwater forest to 2,200 m.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 10-12

Usage

The fruit are eaten as dessert fruit.
Uses animal food cloth environmental use fiber food fuel gene source material medicinal paper shade social use
Edible fruits
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

It is grown from seeds. The figs need to be crushed to release the seeds. It can be grown as a hedge. There are 6 pollinator wasp species.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 15 - 90
Germination temperacture (C°) 21 - 26
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Ficus natalensis leaf picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)
Ficus natalensis leaf picture by Gnagbo Anthelme (cc-by-sa)
Ficus natalensis leaf picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Ficus natalensis world distribution map, present in South Africa

Conservation status

Ficus natalensis threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853264-1
WFO ID wfo-0000689419
COL ID 6HYJG
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 631022
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Ficus columbarum Ficus scutata Ficus subacuminata Ficus durbanii Ficus mammosa Ficus natalensis Ficus variabilis Ficus volkensii Urostigma natalense Ficus variabilis f. obtusifolia Ficus variabilis f. subacuminata Ficus natalensis var. pedunculata

Lower taxons

Ficus natalensis subsp. leprieurii Ficus natalensis subsp. graniticola