Ficus rubiginosa Desf. ex Vent.

Port jackson fig (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Rosales > Moraceae > Ficus

Characteristics

Tree to 50 m high, with spreading crown [usually a strangler fig, to 30 m high, fide Cooper & Cooper (2004)]; trunk to 2 m diam.; young twigs ferruginous-pubescent. Leaves alternate; lamina elliptic to ovate, rarely slightly obovate, 7–11 cm long, 3.5–7.5 cm wide, cuneate to subrotund at base, obtuse to slightly acute at apex, ferruginous-pubescent beneath; lateral veins 10–13 pairs, prominent; petiole 2–4 cm long; stipules 4–7 cm long. Figs globular, to 1.5 cm diam., prominently warted; ostiole 3-or 4-radiate, to 3 mm diam., slightly raised; basal bracts 3, to 2 cm long, ferruginous-pubescent; peduncle 0.5–1 cm long often dilated at apex, puberulous. Male and female flowers interspersed, pedicellate; pedicels c. 1 mm long; tepals 3. [The above description of Ficus obliqua from Chew (1989: 42–43) requires revision to possibly include F. baileyana and elements of formerly accepted F. obliqua var. petiolaris and F. platypoda var. angustata; more recent treatments of F. rubiginosa are provided by Cooper & Cooper (2004: 327), Ficus rubiginosa f. glabrescens and F. rubiginoa f. rubiginosa, in Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants Edn 8 (2020), and Ficus rubiginosa, in New South Wales Flora Online (accessed 13 January 2022)-Editor, 13 January 2022.] Description of F. baileyana from Chew (1989: 41–42): Tree to 20 m high with spreading crown. Leaves with lamina usually elliptic, rarely ovate, 12–15 cm long, 6.5–7.5 cm wide, subrotund at base, acute, rarely bluntly acuminate at apex, ferruginous-pubescent beneath; primary lateral veins 13–16 pairs, slightly more prominent than the secondary ones; petiole 5–7 cm long, pubescent; stipules to 5 cm long, densely ferruginous-pubescent. Figs paired, lenticellate, ferruginous-pubescent, oblong, to 2 cm long and 1.5 cm wide; ostiole minute, very slightly raised; basal bracts sometimes broadly ovate, ferruginous-pubescent; peduncle 1–1.5 cm long, c. 5 mm diam., pubescent. Male and female flowers dispersed, shortly pedicellate; tepals 4.
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A fig. It is a large bush or small tree. It is evergreen. It grows 9-20 m tall. It spreads almost as wide. The main trunk is buttressed. It can have aerial roots. The bark is pale yellowish-brown. The young shoots are finely hairy. The leaves are shiny deep green on top and downy and rust coloured underneath. They are alternate. The leaves are 6-12 cm long and 3-5 cm wide. The leaf stalks are 2-5 cm long. The fruit occur in pairs in the axils of leaves. They are round and yellow but turn deep red. They are 1.5-2 cm across. White sap comes out of broken twigs and branches,
Evergreen, monoecious, small to large tree, often starting life as an epiphyte. Young stems finely hairy, becoming glabrous. Lvs ± glabrous above, sparsely to densely clothed in fine reddish hairs below, not lobed, entire, ovate-elliptic to obovate, obtuse at base, acute to obtuse at apex, (4)-6-12 cm long; lateral veins not prominently raised; petiole < blade; stipules 2 per node, densely hairy, triangular, caducous. Infl. green with rusty hairs, globose, shortly pedunculate. Syncarp deep yellow to dull red, 12-20 mm diam.; achenes irregularly ovoid, c. 1.5 mm long.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support hemiepiphyte
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality monoecy
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 17.0 - 22.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

A subtropical plant. It grows in temperate places but can also grow in the subtropics and tropics. It needs well drained soil. It does best with light shade. It often grows on rocky outcrops. It is salt resistant. It can stand light frost. It suits hardiness zones 9-11. In Townsville Anderson BG.
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Rainforest, monsoon forest, drier, more seasonal rainforest, dry scrubs, vine thickets, gallery forest, riverine vegetation (Cooper & Cooper 2004, Zich et al. 2020).
Monsoon forest, the drier, more seasonal rain forest and dry scrubs; at elevations up to 900 metres.
Light 4-9
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity 2-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 10-12

Usage

The fruit are eaten fresh when they are dry, soft and pulpy. The young tips can be boiled and eaten.
More
Planted as an ornamental and shade tree.
Uses environmental use material ornamental wood
Edible fruits leaves
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seed, cuttings or aerial layers.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) 15 - 90
Germination temperacture (C°) 21 - 26
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Ficus rubiginosa habit picture by Dieter Albrecht (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Ficus rubiginosa leaf picture by Kath Little (cc-by-sa)
Ficus rubiginosa leaf picture by Markus Ritter (cc-by-sa)
Ficus rubiginosa leaf picture by Danielle Stig (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Ficus rubiginosa flower picture by Elle Dimitrivich (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Ficus rubiginosa fruit picture by Chathuranga Ranasinghe (cc-by-sa)
Ficus rubiginosa fruit picture by DanielRebel (cc-by-sa)
Ficus rubiginosa fruit picture by Dieter Albrecht (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Ficus rubiginosa world distribution map, present in Australia, Spain, Marshall Islands, New Zealand, Pakistan, Taiwan, Province of China, United States Minor Outlying Islands, and United States of America

Conservation status

Ficus rubiginosa threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60466944-2
WFO ID wfo-0000690111
COL ID 6HXPD
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 446686
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Ficus rubiginosa f. glabrescens Urostigma ferrugineum Perula rubiginosa Urostigma muelleri Urostigma rubiginosum Mastosuke rubiginosa Ficus baileyana Ficus ferruginea Ficus ferruginea Ficus leichhardtii Ficus australis Ficus fulva Ficus muelleri Ficus novae-walliae Urostigma leichhardtii Ficus leichhardtii var. angustata Ficus macrophylla var. pubescens Ficus obliqua var. petiolaris Ficus platypoda var. leichhardtii Ficus platypoda var. mollis Ficus platypoda var. petiolaris Ficus platypoda var. subacuminata Ficus rubiginosa var. glabrescens Ficus rubiginosa var. lucida Ficus shirleyana Ficus rubiginosa