Ficus sansibarica Warb.

Knobbly fig (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Rosales > Moraceae > Ficus

Characteristics

Tree up to 20(–40) m. tall, hemi-epiphytic (and strangling) or (secondarily) terrestrial.. Leafy twigs 2–5 mm. thick, glabrous or sparsely minutely puberulous, periderm often flaking off older parts at least when dry.. Leaves in spirals; lamina coriaceous or subcoriaceous, at least the midrib beneath (and the petiole) usually drying reddish brown, oblong to lanceolate, elliptic or ovate, 4.5–13(–24) × 2–6(–11.5) cm., apex acuminate to subacute or obtuse to occasionally rounded, base rounded to cordate or subacute, margin entire; both surfaces glabrous; lateral veins 5–10(–14) pairs; tertiary venation predominantly reticulate; petiole (0.8–)2–5.5(–8) cm. long, 1–2(–3) mm. thick; stipules 0.1–1.5 cm. long, up to 4.5 cm. on flush, sparsely to densely puberulous or only ciliolate, caducous or on the flush subpersistent.. Figs 2–4 together on short (up to 2(–5) cm. long) branched and finally ± cushion-shaped or on up to 15 cm. long straight, or peg-like or sometimes curved spurs on the main or also the lesser branches; bud-scales on the spurs densely puberulous; peduncle 1.2–2.5(–5) cm. long, 2–3 mm. thick; basal bracts 3–5 mm. long, free parts caducous, sometimes subpersistent.. Receptacle when dry often stipitate, subglobose, 2–6(–10) cm. in diameter when fresh, 1.5–3(–6) cm. when dry, puberulous, greenish or partly purplish at maturity; wall 5–10 mm. thick when fresh, 2–4(–5) mm. and ± wrinkled when dry.
More
A fig. It is a large tree. It grows to 24 m tall. The trunk is light grey and up to 3 m across. It can grow as a strangler from a tree branch and send down aerial roots. The leaves are smooth. They are 3-13 cm long and 3-8 cm wide. They are oblong or slightly narrow with a rounded base. There are 7-8 pairs of veins branching outwards and looping along the leaf edge. The leaves are on long leaf stalks. The fruit occur as one or two fruit high up on the spreading main branches. The fruit are 5 cm across. They have a two lobed opening at the end. They are green when young and turn red when ripe. The fruit are edible.
Leaves spirally arranged; lamina oblong to lanceolate, elliptic or ovate, 4.5–13(24) x 2–6(11.5) cm., ± coriaceous, at least the midrib beneath (and the petiole) usually drying red-brown; apex acuminate to subacute or obtuse; base rounded to subcordate or cuneate; margin entire; both surfaces glabrous; lateral veins 5–10(14) pairs; tertiary venation predominantly reticulate; petiole (0.8)2–5.5(8) cm. long, 1–2(3) mm. thick; stipules 1–15 mm. long, up to 4.5 cm. long on new flush, sparsely to densely puberulous or only ciliolate, caducous or subpersistent on new flush.
Figs 2–4 together on short, branched and finally ± cushion-shaped spurs up to c. 2(5) cm. long, or on straight, peg-like or sometimes curved spurs up to 15 cm. long, on the main or lesser branches; bud scales of the spurs densely puberulous; peduncle 12–25(50) mm. long, 2–3 mm. thick; basal bracts 3–5 mm. long, free parts caducous or sometimes subpersistent.
Receptacle subglobose, often stipitate when dry, 2–6(10) cm. in diam. when fresh, 1.5–3(6) cm. in diam. when dry, puberulous, greenish or partly purplish at maturity; wall 5–10 mm. thick when fresh, 2–4 mm. thick and ± wrinkled when dry.
Leafy twigs 2–5 mm. thick, glabrous or sparsely minutely puberulous, periderm of older parts often flaking off when dry.
Tree up to 20(40) m. tall, hemi-epiphytic and strangling or secondarily terrestrial.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support -
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality monoecy
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 20.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Riverine and evergreen forests, miombo and coastal woodland, usually at low elevations.
More
A tropical plant. It grows in low altitude forest.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) -

Usage

The fruit are eaten as a snack.
Uses medicinal
Edible fruits
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

The tree can be grown from seed. The seeds are very fine and are best sown with fine sand. Seeds germinate after 15-30 days. Seedlings and young plants transplant easily. The wasp pollinator is Courtella armata (Wiebes).
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 15 - 90
Germination temperacture (C°) 21 - 26
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Fruit

Ficus sansibarica fruit picture by Giusy Pizzo (cc-by-sa)

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853639-1
WFO ID wfo-0000690191
COL ID 6HY3G
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Ficus delagoensis Ficus sansibarica Ficus langenburgii Ficus zanzibarica

Lower taxons

Ficus sansibarica subsp. macrosperma