Ficus septica Burm.F.

Species

Angiosperms > Rosales > Moraceae > Ficus

Characteristics

Shrub or tree up to 25 m tall; latex yellowish. Leafy twigs 2-7(-10) mm thick, glabrous (or white to brownish hirtellous to subtomentose), with nodal waxy glands; internodes hollow; periderm ± flaking off. Leaves spirally arranged or (partly) subopposite; lamina elliptic to oblong (to obovate to ovate or to lanceolate), (7-)15-28(-35) by (3-)5-14(-30), (almost) symmetric, (sub)coriaceous, apex subacute to subacuminate to obtuse to rounded, base cuneate to rounded (to subcordate), if broad usually subattenuate, margin entire; both surfaces glabrous, cystoliths only beneath; lateral veins 6-12(-15) pairs, often furcate far from the margin, the basal pair weakly developed, tertiary venation scalariform to reticulate; waxy glands in the axils of some lateral veins or absent; petiole (0.5-)1-5(-12) cm long, glabrous (or white to brownish hirtellous to subtomentose), epidermis flaking off; stipules 1-6(-8) cm long, glabrous, caducous. Figs axillary or just below the leaves, solitary, in pairs or up to 4 together on short spurs in the leaf axils, with a peduncle 0.2-1.2(-2.2) cm long (or sessile); basal bracts 3, verticillate, 1-2 mm long; receptacle depressed-globose (or ellipsoid), 1.5-2(-3.5) cm diam. when dry, 2-3(-5) cm diam. when fresh, non-stipitate (or up to 0.7 cm long stipitate), without lateral bracts, with 7-12 ribs towards the ostiole, glabrous, whitish to yellowish maculate at maturity, apex ± concave to flat, ostiole 2-4 mm diam., ± sunken, flat or ± prominent; internal hairs sparse, short, white.
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Trees or shrublike trees; dioecious. Bark pale brown to yellowish brown, furrowed and scarred. Branchlets thick, cylindric. Stipules red, ovate-lanceolate, 2-3 cm, membranous. Leaves alternate; petiole 2-8 cm; leaf blade oblong, ovate-elliptic, or obovate, 15-26 × 10-14 cm, membranous, base broadly cuneate, margin entire, pubescent when young, apex acuminate, mucronate, or sometimes caudate; basal lateral veins 2-4 and short, secondary veins 6-12 on each side of midvein. Figs axillary on normal leafy shoots, solitary or paired, green to pale brown, depressed globose, with 8-12 longitudinal ridges, 1.2-2.5 cm in diam., with scattered white globose to ellipsoid tubercles and white small spots, apical pore open when mature; peduncle 6-13 mm; involucral bracts broadly ovate, margin revolute; lateral bracts absent. Male flowers: few, near apical pore; calyx lobes 2 or 3, basally connate; stamen 1; filament short; anther ellipsoid. Gall flowers: long pedicellate; calyx lobes short, transparent, apically with a few hairs; ovary ovoid to ± globose, smooth; style lateral to subapical, short; stigma enlarged. Female flowers: long pedicellate; calyx lobes apically with 2 or 3 teeth; style persistent, long, apex with transparent pubescence; stigma clavate. Achenes obliquely ovoid to ± globose. Fl. and fr. Apr-May.
Tree to 15 m high, glabrous, branches often pendulous. Leaves alternate (or opposite); lamina elliptic, ovate or oblong, 8–20 (–25) cm long, 4–7 cm wide, cuneate at base, entire margin, acuminate at apex; lateral veins 9–11 pairs; petiole 2–5 cm long; stipules 1.2–5 cm long. Figs axillary, cauliflorous or ramiflorous, pedunculate, obovoid to depressed-globular, c. 1.5–2.4 cm diam., green to cream or brownish, usually dotted, often with 6–8 longitudinal ribs; ostiole often sunken, ostiolar bracts sometimes forming a slightly raised crown 3 mm diam.; basal bracts 3, 1–1.5 mm long, forming a collar. Male flowers: stamen 1. Female flowers with united sepals.
A fig. It is an evergreen tree. It grows 6-12 m high. The small branches are stout and 4-6 mm across. The leaves are oblong and 15-25 cm long by 8-13 cm wide. The figs are round and flattened. They are 10 mm long and 15 mm across. They have even white spots. They have ridges along them.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 15.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Secondary rain forest and scrub vegetation, on various soil types, at elevations up to 1,800 metres. Areas of well developed rain forest on a variety of sites. It is favoured by disturbance and is a frequent component of rain forest regrowth.
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Grows mainly in rainforest and wetter edges of scrub to 1000 m altitude, often as a pioneer in regrowth in various soil types, especially granitic alluvium.
It is a tropical plant. It grows at low elevations.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

May have medicinal properties. Contains many alkaloids (in the trunk and leaves) with various properties; also a black or grey dye is produced from the leaves (Beasley 2009: 94).
Uses animal food dye eating environmental use fodder food fuel invertebrate food material medicinal ornamental poison shade social use
Edible fruits
Therapeutic use Common cold (fruit), Emetics (fruit), Laxatives (fruit), Abortifacient agents (leaf), Antirheumatic agents (leaf), Common cold (leaf), Cough (leaf), Dysentery (leaf), Emetics (leaf), Laxatives (leaf), Malaria (leaf), Tuberculosis (leaf), Abdominal pain (plant exudate), Anti-infective agents (plant exudate), Anti-inflammatory agents (plant exudate), Astringents (plant exudate), Cathartics (plant exudate), Cough (plant exudate), Diarrhea (plant exudate), Emetics (plant exudate), Herpes simplex (plant exudate), Ulcer (plant exudate), Wounds and injuries (plant exudate), Antidotes (root), Diarrhea (root), Whooping cough (root), Antidote (unspecified), Antidote(Crab) (unspecified), Dermatitigenic (unspecified), Emetic (unspecified), Sting(Fish) (unspecified), Fungoid (unspecified), Purgative (unspecified), Sore (unspecified), Tinea (unspecified), Antidote(Fish poison) (unspecified), Proctosis (unspecified), Prolapse (unspecified), Abscess (unspecified), Deafness (unspecified), Dermatosis (unspecified), Respiratory tract diseases (unspecified), Tuberculosis (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 15 - 90
Germination temperacture (C°) 21 - 26
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Ficus septica leaf picture by Noel Dionson (cc-by-sa)
Ficus septica leaf picture by Noel Dionson (cc-by-sa)
Ficus septica leaf picture by Warna Angin (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Ficus septica fruit picture by Noel Dionson (cc-by-sa)
Ficus septica fruit picture by Sofia Spanou (cc-by-sa)
Ficus septica fruit picture by Noel Dionson (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Ficus septica world distribution map, present in Australia, China, Indonesia, India, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Myanmar, Malaysia, Philippines, Papua New Guinea, Taiwan, Province of China, Viet Nam, and Vanuatu

Conservation status

Ficus septica threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:123269-3
WFO ID wfo-0000690291
COL ID 6HY4B
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 706296
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Covellia radiata Covellia rapiformis Covellia venosa Ficus casearia Ficus didymophylla Ficus hauili Ficus laccifera Ficus leucatoma Ficus philippense Covellia leucantotoma Covellia leucopleura Cystogyne leucosticta Ficus brunnea Ficus kaukauensis Ficus laxiramea Ficus leucantatoma Ficus leucopleura Ficus linearis Ficus oldhamii Ficus radiata Ficus stictocarpa Ficus venosa Ficus geminifolia Ficus leucosticta Ficus paludosa Ficus verrucosa Ficus septica var. cauliflora Ficus septica var. salicifolia Ficus rapiformis Covellia stictocarpa Ficus septica