Ficus subulata Blume

Species

Angiosperms > Rosales > Moraceae > Ficus

Characteristics

Shrub or tree up to 15 m tall (with drooping branches), often lianescent and/or hemi-epiphytic. Branchlets drying brown to greyish. Leafy twigs 1.5-3 mm thick, sparsely whitish appressed-puberulous to hispidulous to (sub)glabrous, smooth or scabridulous; internodes solid. Leaves distichous; lamina oblong to subobovate (to elliptic to subovate or to lanceolate), (5-)10-20(-35) by (1.5-)4-9(-12) cm, somewhat asymmetric to (almost) symmetric, subcoriaceous to coriaceous, apex acuminate to subcaudate, base inequilateral, cuneate to obtuse (to rounded), one side ± clearly decurrent and often slightly (or clearly) auricled, margin entire (occasionally lobate), flat (or in coriaceous laminas sometimes ± revolute); both surfaces glabrous, smooth; cystoliths only beneath (or also a few above); midrib slightly prominent to flat above; lateral veins (6-)8-14(-16) pairs, the basal pair hardly different from the other lateral veins, up to 1/10-1/8 the length of the lamina, unbranched, tertiary venation scalariform (or in smaller leaves to subscalariform); waxy glands in the axils of one of the basal lateral veins (or of both), in one of the axils of the 2nd, 3rd or 4th pair, or in that position a 2nd (or 3rd) gland; petiole 0.3-1.5(-3) cm long, glabrous or white puberulous, the epidermis flaking off; stipules amplexicaul, (0.5-)1-2(-2.7) cm long, glabrous (or whitish puberulous), caducous (or subpersistent), dark brown when dry; terminal buds ± clearly divaricate. Figs axillary, solitary or paired, or clustered on spurs, more commonly so on up to 1 cm long spurs below the leaves (ramiflorous), subsessile or with a peduncle up to 0.6(-0.8) cm long; peduncular bracts 3, scattered, 2 (sub)opposite, or 3 verticillate, 0.5-1 mm long; receptacle (sub)globose (to subpyriform), (0.4-)0.5-1 cm diam. when dry, 1-1.5 cm diam. when fresh, glabrous, smooth, with some or without lateral bracts, yellow to orange to red or to red-brown at maturity, apex convex, ostiole c. 2 mm diam., sometimes surrounded by a low rim; internal hairs absent. Tepals whit-ish, glabrous or minutely hairy at the apices, not indurate. Styles glabrous.
More
Shrubs, scandent but male plants erect. Young branchlets thin. Stipules subulate, 1.5-2 cm, apically curved, sometimes persistent. Leaves alternate; petiole 1-1.4 cm; leaf blade olivaceous to yellowish green when dry, obliquely elliptic to obovate-elliptic, usually asymmetric, 8-15 × 2.5-7 cm, papery, puberulent when young, glabrescent, abaxially slightly papillate tuberculate, margin entire, apex acute to acuminate; venation inconspicuous; basal lateral veins short, secondary veins 7-10 on each side of midvein. Figs axillary on normal leafy shoots, sometimes on leafless older branchlets, paired or clustered, reddish orange when mature, globose to ovoid, 2-5(-9) mm in diam., with small sparse tubercles, pedunculate or sessile with base attenuate into slender stalk; involucral bracts sometimes sheathlike, one side extending to middle of peduncle; lateral bracts present. Male flowers: near apical pore; calyx tubular, 4-lobed, fleshy; stamen 1; rudimentary ovary globose. Gall flowers: scattered; calyx lobes similar to those of male flowers; ovary globose; stigma capitate. Female flowers: calyx lobes connate, apically lobed, hairy; style persistent, lateral, elongated. Achenes shortly ellipsoid. Fr. May-Aug.
Life form perennial
Growth form
Growth support climber hemiepiphyte
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality -
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 12.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Sparse forests, usually at elevations below 800 metres. Frequent in lowland and mountain rain-forest in Malaysia, ascending to 2,000 metres, and often a common low-level epiphyte.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

Uses animal food material medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 15 - 90
Germination temperacture (C°) 21 - 26
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Ficus subulata world distribution map, present in Australia, Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, Indonesia, India, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Malaysia, Nepal, Philippines, Papua New Guinea, Singapore, Thailand, Timor-Leste, and Viet Nam

Conservation status

Ficus subulata threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853785-1
WFO ID wfo-0000690496
COL ID 6HY7L
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Ficus subulata f. driveri Ficus ancolana Ficus boiei Ficus sikkimensis Ficus acuminata Ficus confusa Ficus dicarpa Ficus erythropareia Ficus iteoides Ficus klinkii Ficus subulata Ficus driveri Ficus salicifolia Ficus saxatilis Ficus subulata var. boiei Ficus subulata var. diveri Ficus subulata var. ancolana Ficus subulata f. minima Ficus subulata f. ovoidea Ficus subulata f. sessilis Ficus subulata var. borneensis Ficus sanhday