Ficus vallis-choudae Delile

Species

Angiosperms > Rosales > Moraceae > Ficus

Characteristics

Tree up to 15(–20) m. tall.. Leafy twigs 2–10 mm. thick, glabrous, sparsely white appressed puberulous or sometimes white hirtellous to tomentose, with periderm flaking off when dry.. Lamina coriaceous to subcoriaceous, ovate to cordiform or ± deltoid, 4–24(–44) × 3–24(–30) cm., apex acute to subobtuse or very shortly acuminate, base obtuse to truncate or cordate, margin coarsely and obtusely dentate to repand, sometimes subentire; upper surface smooth and glabrous or puberulous on the main veins, sometimes scabridulous and hirtellous to hispidulous, lower surface glabrous or puberulous, sometimes hirtellous to pubescent; lateral veins 5–8 pairs; petiole 2–11(– 13.5) cm. long, 1–3 mm. thick, glabrous, white appressed puberulous or sometimes white hirtellous to tomentose; periderm flaking off when dry; stipules 1–3 cm. long, in the lower part ciliolate, appressed puberulous or subsericeous, caducous.. Figs solitary in the leaf-axils or just below the leaves; peduncle 0.2–1.2 cm. long, 4–6 mm. thick; basal bracts ± 0.2 mm. long.. Receptacle subglobose to obovoid, 3–6(–10) cm. in diameter when fresh, 1–5 cm. when dry, ± densely white to yellowish puberulous to hirtellous or tomentose, only tomentellous near the ostiole or glabrous, yellowish to orange at maturity with longitudinal orange to reddish stripes.
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A fig. It is a large tree. It grows 5-20 m tall. The crown is wide and spreading. Sometimes it has buttresses near the base. The bark is rough and grey. On leafy twigs the bark is often white or hairy. The skin flakes off when dry. The leaves are stiff. They are dark green and wide oval shape. The base is heart shaped. The leaves are about 20 cm long and 4-24 cm wide. The edge of the leaf has wide teeth and is often wavy. The leaf stalk is 2-11 cm long. There are 4-6 main pairs of veins. The lowest ones reach beyond the middle of the leaf blade. The fruit are figs which occur singly. They are 3-6 cm across. They are round and yellow-orange with orange stripes when ripe. They grow beside or just below the leaves. They grow on short woody stalks. They are succulent and edible.
Leaf lamina ovate to cordiform or ± deltate, 4–24(36) x 3–24(30) cm., coriaceous to subcoriaceous, apex acute to subobtuse or very shortly acuminate, base obtuse to truncate or cordate, margin coarsely and obtusely dentate to repand, sometimes subentire; superior surface smooth and glabrous or puberulous on the main veins, sometimes scabridulous and hirtellous to pubescent; lateral veins 5–8 pairs; petiole 2–11(13.5) cm. long, 1–3 mm. thick, glabrous, appressed puberulous or sometimes hirtellous to tomentose, indumentum white, epidermis flaking off when dry; stipules 1–3 cm. long, ciliolate in the lower part, appressed puberulous or subsericeous, caducous.
Receptacle subglobose to obovoid, c. 20 mm. in diam. when fresh, 15 mm. in diam. when dry, ± densely white to yellowish puberulous to hirtellous or tomentose, tomentellous near the ostiole, or glabrous; yellowish to orange at maturity with longitudinal orange to reddish stripes.
Figs solitary in the leaf axils or just below the leaves, occasionally on leafless branchlets up to 30 cm. long on the older wood; peduncle 2–12 mm. long, 4–6 mm. thick; basal bracts c. 2 mm. long.
Leafy twigs 2–10 mm. thick, glabrous or sparsely appressed puberulous, sometimes hirtellous or tomentose, indumentum white, periderm flaking off when dry.
Tree up to 10(20) m. tall.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality monoecy
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 15.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

A tropical plant. It is common is tropical Africa. It grows in the savannah in regions where the rainfall is 700-1500 mm per year. Mostly it occurs near rivers and lakes due to the groundwater. In Tanzania it grows between 400-1,800 m above sea level. It grows in Miombo woodland in Africa.
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Damp sites, stream-banks and into dry savannah. A riverine tree, also found beside lakes and in forests with a high ground water-table, at elevations from 400-1,800 metres.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The ripe figs are eaten fresh.
Uses food fuel gene source material medicinal social use wood
Edible barks fruits leaves
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants grow naturally from seed. The figs have plenty of seed which should be extracted from the figs and dried before sowing. Seed can be stored for 2 months. Plants can be grown by cuttings.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) 15 - 90
Germination temperacture (C°) 21 - 26
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Ficus vallis-choudae habit picture by Daniel Barthelemy (cc-by-nc)

Leaf

Ficus vallis-choudae leaf picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)
Ficus vallis-choudae leaf picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)
Ficus vallis-choudae leaf picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Ficus vallis-choudae fruit picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Ficus vallis-choudae world distribution map, present in Angola, Burundi, Benin, Burkina Faso, Central African Republic, Côte d'Ivoire, Cameroon, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Ghana, Guinea, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Mali, Mozambique, Malawi, Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, South Sudan, Togo, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:853925-1
WFO ID wfo-0000690786
COL ID 6HZPV
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Ficus schweinfurthii Ficus vallis-choudae