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Annual, or less often perennial herbs. Leaves opposite, sessile or on short petioles. Flowers ☿, in terminal, solitary, sessile or subsessile heads or short spikes; receptacle cylindric or swollen. Flowers solitary in the axil of a persistent bract, subtended by 2 bracteoles; bracts and bracteoles scarious, glabrous; bracteoles erect, navicular, acute, often coloured, with or without dorsal crest, glabrous, falling off with perianth. Tepals 5, erect, free or nearly so, on back long-woolly. Stamens monadelphous; staminal tube long or short, shortly 5-lobed; free parts of filaments with or without intervening pseudo-staminodes, entire, retuse or distinctly 2-lobed; anthers introrse, 1-celled (2-locellate). Ovary compressed, glabrous; ovule pendulous from long erect funicle; style short or long; stigmas 2, erect or spreading, short, sometimes almost inconspicuous. Utricle compressed, indehiscent.
Flowers perfect, bracteate and bibracteolate, sessile in spikes or heads. Sepals 5, basally connate or discrete, hypogynous, concave, subequal, colorless or brightly colored. Stamens 5, hypogynous, the filaments connate forming a deep stamen tube, the anthers sessile at the summit of the tube; pseudostaminodia 2-lobate; anthers 2-locellate, introrse, medially attached. Ovary globose to obovoid, 1-locular, 1-ovulate, the ovule campylotropous on an elongate flattened funicle; style 1, filiform, about as long as the 2 filiform stigmata. Fruit an indehiscent utricle; seeds cochleate-orbiculate. Pubescent erect or decumbent annual or perennial herbs. Leaves opposite, sessile or petiolate, entire, usually pubescent, apparently deciduous. Inflorescences of terminal and occasionally axillary globose to cylindric solitary or clustered heads, usually subtended by foliar leaves.
Herbs, annual or perennial. Stems ascending, decumbent, prostrate, or erect. Leaves opposite, sessile or petiolate; blade ovate to obovate, not fleshy, margins entire, long-pilose abaxially and sometimes adaxially. Inflorescences terminal and/or axillary, sessile, subglobose heads, often subtended by involucres of sessile leaves; bracts and bracteoles thin. Flowers bisexual; tepals 5, connate proximally; stamens 5; filaments connate basally into tube; pseudostaminodes absent; ovule 1; style 1, 1.5-4 mm; stigmas 2(-3), subulate or filiform. Utricles included in tepals, stramineous, ovoid or oblong, somewhat compressed, membranous, usually indehiscent. Seeds 1, lenticular, subglobose, to ovoid, smooth.
Pubescent herbs. Leaves opposite, sessile or shortly petiolate, acute to acuminate, apiculate. Inflorescence axillary or terminal, cylindrical or subglobose, subtended by a pair of involucral leaves; bracts scarious, somewhat cucullate, keeled, keel usually excurrent; bracteoles scarious, conduplicate, winged or crested along fold, enclosing flowers, falling with fruits. Flowers bisexual; tepals 5, scarious, concave, densely lanate on outer surface; staminal tube long, anthers 2-locular, pseudostaminodia absent; stigmas 2, linear, erect, somewhat elongated. Utricle membranous, compressed, ovoid, indehiscent; seed 1.
Herbs or subshrubs. Leaves opposite, rarely alternate. Flowers perfect, clustered in heads. Bracteoles with distal crest. Tepals 5, equal or not, long hairy or glabrous. Stamens 5; filaments united into a tube or cup at base, lateral appendages present, 3-parted at apex, pseudostaminodes absent; anthers 1-loculed. Ovary 1-loculed, with a pendulous ovule; stigmas 2 or 3, linear, or stigma 2-parted. Utricles globose or oblong, compressed, indehiscent. Seeds shiny, lenticular.
Flowers hermaphrodite, each solitary in the axil of a bract, bibracteolate; bracteoles laterally compressed, carinate, often more or less winged or cristate along the dorsal surface of the midrib, deciduous with the fruit.
Inflorescences terminal or axillary, capitate or spicate, solitary or glomerate, often subtended by a pair of sessile leaves, bracteate with the bracts persistent in fruit, the axis frequently thickened.
Tepals 5, erect, free or almost so, more or less lanate dorsally, at least the inner 2 usually more or less indurate at the base in fruit.
Stamens 5, monadelphous, the tube shortly 5-dentate with entire to very deeply bilobed teeth.
Style short or long, stigmas 2, suberect or more or less divergent to very short.
Annual or occasionally perennial herbs with entire, opposite leaves.
Fruit a thin-walled, irregularly rupturing utricle.
Ovary with a single pendulous ovule.
Seed ovoid, compressed.
