Harpullia Roxb.

Harpullia (en)

Genus

Angiosperms > Sapindales > Sapindaceae

Characteristics

Shrubs to medium-sized trees, dioecious. Indumentum solitary and stellate tufts of simple hairs (and glandular hairs); no glandular scales. Leaves paripinnate, 1-9-jugate, without pseudostipules; (petiole and rachis winged). Leaflets alternate (or opposite), not papillate beneath; margin entire (Malesian species). Inflorescences axillary, (pseudoter-minal), to truly terminal, solitary, or rami-and/or cauliflorous and often tufted, usually thyrses; bracts and bracteoles usually caducous. Flowers unisexual, actinomorphic. Sepals 5, free, imbricate, equal or the outer two sometimes slightly smaller, not petaloid, not ciliate, (glandular hairs mainly along the margin), entire. Petals 5, longer than the sepals, distinctly clawed with a pair of auricles above the claw, or sessile with a broad or narrow base and without auricles and scales, entire. Disc uninterrupted (to divided into 5 lobes), without appendages. Stamens 5-8, in male flowers exserted; filaments glabrous; anthers basally attached, base cleft for up to 1/5, dehiscence latero-introrse. Pistil 2-or 3-(o? 4-)locular; ovary sessile or short-stalked, hairy; ovules 1 or 2 per locule; style apical, shorter to much longer than the ovary, slender, often hooked and the upper part twisted, lower part hairy, with stigmatic lines usually till slightly above the base. Fruits loculicid-al capsules, usually short-stipitate, not winged, 2-or 3-lobed, the lobes erect to spreading, inflated, rounded; wall pergamentaceous to woody. Seeds with a thin-crustaceous testa; arillode restricted to a narrow annular sarcotesta around the hilum, or composed of a basal sarcotestal part, covering half the seed, and an upper, free arilloidal part, reaching to near the apex, the arillode entire and without appendages; hilum covering less than 1/6 of the seed.
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Shrubs or trees, dioecious. Leaves paripinnate, estipulate; rachis and petiole sometimes winged; leaflets often entire. Thyrses compound racemose or sometimes racemose, terminal or axillary; bracts and bracteoles small. Flowers functionally unisexual, actinomorphic. Sepals 5, imbricate, persistent or deciduous. Petals 5, subcuneate, longer than calyx, slightly fleshy, scales absent, apex reflexed, or petals subspatulate, distinctly clawed, adaxially with 2 earlike, thin scales ca. 2 × as long as calyx. Disk small. Stamens (male flowers) 5-8, nearly as long as petals, conduplicate in flower buds; anthers ellipsoid. Ovary (female flowers) globose or ovoid, sessile or shortly stalked, bilaterally compressed, 2(-4)-loculed; ovules 1 or 2 per locule, pendulous; style short or long, twisted. Capsules usually compressed, 2(-4)-loculed, grooved between locules; pericarp papery or crustaceous. Seeds 1 or 2 per locule, ellipsoid or ovoid; testa shiny, thinly crustaceous, often with white or orange fleshy aril; embryo curved, cotyledons fleshy. 2n = 30.
Shrubs or trees, usually dioecious. Indumentum of stellate and simple hairs. Leaves paripinnate; rachis and petiole sometimes winged; leaflets usually alternate, mostly entire, petiolulate or sessile. Inflorescence axillary, rarely terminal or ramiflorous, panicle-like; bracts subulate. Flowers regular. Sepals usually 5, free, imbricate. Petals usually 5, oblong-obovate, sessile or clawed then with 2 inflexed auricles, thick or membranous. Disc small, complete. Stamens 5–8; filaments glabrous. Ovary 2-locular; ovules 1 or 2 per locule; style reflexed or spiral at apex. Fruit usually stipitate, mostly 2-lobed, apiculate, inflated, loculicidally 2-valved. Seeds 1 or 2 per locule, subglobose or ellipsoidal, black, shiny; aril entire, nearly covering seed, rarely minute or absent.
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Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

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