Holcus setiger Nees

Houlque (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Poales > Poaceae > Holcus

Characteristics

Annual, caespitose, erect. Culms 12–65 cm high. Young shoots intravaginal. Leaves mostly basal; basal sheaths puberulous; ligule acute or obtuse, lacerate, abaxially hairy; blade 6–11 cm long, 2–5 mm wide, hooded, adaxially pubescent, abaxially puberulous. Panicles 2.3–7.7 cm long; primary branches hispid. Spikelets 3.6–4.3 mm long. Glumes: lower glume 3.4–3.8 mm long, with awn 1.5–2.2 mm long, hirsute on midnerve in upper half; upper glume 3.5–4.3 mm long, acute, with awn 1.8–2.8 mm long. Lemma ovate, 1.6–1.8 mm long, obtuse, dorsally rounded, 3–5-nerved; callus with 4–6 straight hairs to 1 mm long. Upper floret sterile; lemma 1.5–2 mm long, keeled toward apex; lemma awn 3–5 mm long, arising just below tip of lemma, sometimes with twisted column, hooked and twisted when dry.
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Annual 150-300 mm high; culms solitary or loosely tufted, nodes pubescent. Leaf blade 5-140 x 1.0-4.5 mm, puberulous, pale to dark green. Inflorescence pale green, often only apex of spikelet purple, rarely purple throughout. Spikelet 3-4 mm long; lower glume awn to 1 mm long, 1-nerved; upper glume awn 2-6 mm long; upper floret sterile; upper lemma awn hooked, barely projecting beyond apices of glumes; anther 0.5-0.6 mm long.
Annual, up to 300 mm tall. Leaves linear, shortly hairy; ligule a fringed membrane covered with hairs. Inflorescence a contracted, dense panicle. Spikelets 3-4 mm long, 2-flowered, pale green sometimes flushed purple; glumes longer than spikelet, hairy on keel and margins, awn of upper glume 2-6 mm; lower floret fertile, usually firm and shiny; upper floret sterile, lemma awned, awn stout and bent; anthers ± 0.5 mm long.
Annual to 30 cm. Leaves linear, shortly hairy. Spikelets in a panicle, pale green, upper glume awn 2-6 mm.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.15 - 0.3
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Recorded as growing on sandy loam. 
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture 3-6
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) -

Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Holcus setiger world distribution map, present in Australia and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:405080-1
WFO ID wfo-0000874563
COL ID 3M82K
BDTFX ID 84685
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Holcus setiger Holcus annuus subsp. setiger