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Annual, erect. Culms to 120 cm high. Leaves with broad robust auricles, 4.5–6 mm long; ligule to 2.5 mm long, hyaline; blade 15–25 cm long, 8–11 mm wide, flat, adaxially inconspicuously scabrous. Inflorescence 15–25 cm long; rachis not shattering. Spikelets all similar (incomplete spikelets, if present, at base and apex of rachis only), bisexual, sessile; lower glume narrowly elliptic to narrowly obovate, 3–5 mm long, chartaceous (margin membranous), with margin smooth or apically scabrous, with midnerve and intercostal regions puberulous; lemma narrowly elliptic, 13.5–17 mm long, long-acuminate, with awn 8.5–11.2 cm long, less firm than or similar in firmness to glumes, glabrous or with nerves sometimes scabrous; palea infolded along midnerve to 2-keeled, with nerves glabrous; anthers 3 mm long.
Glabrous annual 6–12 dm; lvs 5–12+ mm wide, with well developed auricles to 6 mm; spikes stout, 6–9(–12) cm (excl. awns), the rachis remaining intact; all 3 spikelets of a triad sessile and fertile (6-rowed barley), or the lateral pair sterile (2-rowed barley); glumes subequal, 6.5–20 mm, linear, broadened below, 3-veined, ascending-pilose, tapering into slender, scabrous awns; fertile lemmas 6.5–12 mm, 5-nerved, tapering into long, stout, flattened, scabrous-margined awns 6–16 cm, or (pearl-barley) awnless and 3-lobed at the tip; anthers 2–2.5 mm; 2n=14, 28. A European cultigen, occasionally found as a waif along roads and railways in our range. (H. distichon L., two-rowed barley)
Plants annual. Culms erect, 50–100 cm tall, smooth, glabrous. Leaf sheath usually glabrous; auricles present; ligule 1–2 mm, membranous; leaf blade 9–25 × 0.6–2 cm. Spike hexastichous, dense; rachis flexible. Spikelets all sessile, fertile, and similar. Glumes linear-lanceolate at base, puberulent; awn 8–14 mm. Lemma apex with long awn 8–15 cm or 3-forked appendage. Palea equaling lemma. Caryopsis adherent to or free from lemma and palea. Fl. and fr. Jun–Aug.
An erect annual grass. It grows 80-120 cm tall. The nodes are solid and the internodes are hollow. The leaves are narrow. There are 5-10 leaves. They are produced alternately on opposite sides of the stem at the nodes. The leaves are narrowly sword shaped and 5-40 cm long by 0.5-1.5 cm wide. The flowers are greenish. Flowers have long awns. The fruit is a grain. It is oval and narrow. There are a range of named cultivated varieties.
