Hyparrhenia filipendula Stapf

Hyparrhenia (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Poales > Poaceae > Hyparrhenia

Characteristics

Tufted, delicate, graceful perennial, 0.6-2.0 m high; rhizomatous; fresh shoots not aromatic. Leaf blade up to 300 x 4 mm; ligule an unfringed membrane. Inflorescence of paired racemes, 10-12 mm long, enclosed by spatheoles, crowded into large, leafy, false panicle; raceme pairs with 2(-4) awns; raceme bases terete, unequal, with 2 pairs of homogamous spikelets at base of upper raceme. Sessile spikelets 5.5-7.0 mm long, dorsiventrally compressed, glabrous or white-villous. Florets 2; lower floret sterile, reduced to a lemma, awnless; upper floret bisexual, lemma less firm than glumes towards base, hyaline, 2-lobed, awns 30-55 mm long, with hairs up to 1.2 mm long; callus 1.8-3.0 mm long, tip visible on apex of internode. Pedicellate spikelets with an awn 1-5 mm long. Flowering time Nov.-Apr.
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Caespitose perennial, arising from short scaly rhizomes; culms 60–200 cm. high.. Leaf-blades up to 30 cm. long, 4 mm. wide.. False panicle 30–80 cm. long, its branches slender and graceful; spatheoles linear to almost filiform, 4.5–5.5 cm. long, the peduncles ± as long; racemes 10–12 mm. long, 2–4-awned per pair, delicate, not deflexed; raceme-bases very unequal, the upper (4–)4.5–8(–10) mm. long, slender, glabrous.. Homogamous pairs 1 at the base of the lower raceme, and 2 at the base of the upper.. Sessile spikelet 5.5–7 mm. long, glabrous to villous with white hairs; callus 1.8–3 mm. long, pungent; awn 3–5.5 cm. long, hirtellous with fulvous hairs 0.7–1.2 mm. long.. Pedicelled spikelet with an awnlet 1–5 mm. long.
False panicle 30–80 cm long, virgate, its branches slender and graceful; spatheoles 4.5–5.5 cm long, linear to almost filiform; peduncles about as long as the spatheoles, very fine and flexuous, with or without spreading white hairs above; racemes 10–12 mm long, 2–4-awned per pair, delicate, yellowish-green often tinged with violet, terminally exserted, not deflexed; raceme-bases very unequal, the superior (4)4.5–8(10) mm long, slender, glabrous.
Sessile spikelets 5.5–7 mm long; callus 1.8–3 mm long, pungent; inferior glume linear-oblong, flat on the back or with the inner nerves ± raised towards the apex and with an indistinct median hollow towards the base, glabrous to villous with white hairs; awn 3–5.5 cm long, the column hirtellous with fulvous hairs 0.7–1.2 mm long.
Homogamous spikelets 5–7 mm long, linear-lanceolate, glabrous, a single pair at the base of the inferior raceme and 2 pairs at the base of the superior.
Pedicelled spikelets 5–6 mm long, linear-lanceolate, terminating in an awnlet 1–5 mm long; callus absent; pedicel-tooth very short, triangular.
Caespitose perennial arising from short scaly rhizomes; culms up to 200 cm high, branched from the inferior nodes.
Leaf sheaths glabrous or rarely sparsely pilose with stiff white hairs; leaf laminas up to 30 cm × 4 mm.
Caespitose with culms 0·6–2 m. high
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 1.05 - 2.0
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) 0.3
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c4

Environment

In savanna.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses animal food environmental use material medicinal social use
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Hyparrhenia filipendula leaf picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Hyparrhenia filipendula flower picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)
Hyparrhenia filipendula flower picture by Susan Brown (cc-by-sa)
Hyparrhenia filipendula flower picture by Susan Brown (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Hyparrhenia filipendula fruit picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)
Hyparrhenia filipendula fruit picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Hyparrhenia filipendula world distribution map, present in Angola, Burkina Faso, Botswana, Central African Republic, Congo, Cabo Verde, Ethiopia, Gabon, Guinea, Kenya, Madagascar, Myanmar, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Philippines, Rwanda, Sudan, eSwatini, Chad, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, Viet Nam, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:405519-1
WFO ID wfo-0000875247
COL ID 3NMPD
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Andropogon filipendulinus Andropogon filipendulus Hyparrhenia filipendula Sorghum filipendulum Andropogon kimuinguensis Cymbopogon filipendulus Andropogon barteri var. menyharthii Cymbopogon filipendulus var. angolensis

Lower taxons

Hyparrhenia filipendula var. pilosa Hyparrhenia filipendula var. filipendula