Landolphia parvifolia K.Schum.

Species

Angiosperms > Gentianales > Apocynaceae > Landolphia

Characteristics

Liana up to 15 m or (scrambling) shrub or small tree, 1–10 m high, with or without curled tendrils up to 40 cm long; bark smooth, grey to brown; branchlets densely pilose to glabrous with redddish indumentum.. Leaves petiolate, blade elliptic-oblong, 0.6–6.6 cm long, 0.4–2.7(–3.7) cm wide, shortly acuminate to rounded at the apex, subcordate to rounded at the base, glabrous to densely pilose; petiole 2–6 mm long, tomentose to glabrous.. Inflorescence terminal, often with empty bracts, 1–4.5(–14) cm long, 2–40(–60)-flowered, pilose to glabrous; bracts resembling sepals, up to 3 mm long; peduncle 0.3–2.5 cm long, when tendril-like up to 6 cm long, with hooks up to 2.5 cm long; pedicels 0.2–1.2 mm long.. Flowers fragrant; sepals reddish brown, ovate to obovate, 1.4–4 mm long, 0.9–2.9 mm wide, pubescent outside on midrib and margins; corolla yellowish white or pink, throat and buds often darker; tube 2.9–5.3 mm long; lobes ovate, elliptic or oblong, 2.2–7.9 mm long, 1–2.1 mm wide, rounded or obtuse at the apex, ciliate or not; stamens included for 0.2–0.9 mm, inserted 1.7–3 mm from the base; pistil 2.4–3.3 mm long; ovary ellipsoid to obovoid, pubescent; ovules 40–90; style 0.5–1.2 mm long.. Fruits globose, whitish grey, yellow or greenish-violet, often with rusty to yellowish spots, up to 4.8 cm long, 8–30 seeded; pericarp 0.9–4 mm thick.
More
A shrub or small tree 4 m high. It can be a creeper or vine. Young shoots have brown hairs. The leaves are neatly and closely arranged. They are leathery. The leaf blade is 3-5 cm long by 1-3 cm wide. They are narrowly oval. It usually does not have tendrils. The flowers are small. They have a sweet scent. The fruit are round and covered with lenticels. They can be 5 cm across. They can be white or purple or green with brown spots. They are edible. The seeds are 14-26 mm long.
Upper leaf surface glossy, usually glabrous except for the pubescent midrib and leaf-margins, occasionally the leaf margins also glabrous, occasionally the whole lamina puberulent; venation conspicuous, characteristically regular, the midrib channelled, the other nerves raised; lower leaf surface completely glabrous or with pubescent midrib, venation less conspicuous than above, midrib prominent, other nerves raised.
Leaves characteristically neatly and closely arranged, orange-tinged when dry, yellowish-green, not strongly discolorous, coriaceous in texture; petiole 2–4 mm. long, hispid; lamina 2·6–5.2 x 1–2·6 cm., oblong, narrowly elliptic-ovate or elliptic-obovate, the apex cuspidate-attenuate into a short round-tipped acumen, the base cuneate to subcordate.
Calyx of 5 strongly imbricate free sepals, these 2·5–3 mm. long, oblong, rounded or emarginate at apex, characteristically glistening reddish-brown at least when dry, margin ciliate, dorsal surface glabrous or the midrib finely long-hispid; calyx 1/2–2/3 the length of the corolla tube.
Corolla tube 3·5–4·5 mm. long, clavate, its wall thickened at the level of the anthers, its mouth constricted; outer surface finely puberulent, giving a mealy appearance; corolla lobes narrowly elliptic, ± equalling tube in length, dorsally mealy-puberulent on the overlapping surface.
Inflorescences many-flowered paniculate cymes borne terminally on the main stems and on lateral branches, and rarely also in leaf axils; panicles usually forming compact clusters but very occasionally lengthening greatly and becoming tendrillous; axes tomentose to pubescent.
Fruit up to 5 cm. in diameter, globose, white or purplish or greenish with brown spots, or brown or purplish-blue, edible.
Stamens inserted in the upper half of the tube with the anthers reaching to the mouth; anthers c. 1 mm. long.
Young shoots densely brownish or ferrugineous hispid-pubescent, indumentum persisting until bark formation.
Ovary c. 1 mm. long, cylindrical, densely pubescent at apex; style, clavuncle and stigma 1·5–2 mm. long.
Many-stemmed shrub or small tree up to 4 m. tall, with scandent branches climbing when supported.
Flowers subtended by two sepal-like bracteoles, white or creamy-white, sweet-scented.
Seeds 14–26 mm. long.
Tendrils uncommon.
Life form perennial
Growth form
Growth support climber
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 4.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

A forest climber in river valleys, on lake shores and woodland, often on rocky outcrops in gravelly well-drained soils, at elevations from sea level to 1,400 metres.
More
A tropical plant. It grows in woodland and on rocky ground. It grows in river valleys and on lake shores. They grow between sea level and 1,400 m above sea level.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The ripe fruit are cut and the juicy pulp is eaten.
Uses material poison
Edible fruits
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown by seeds or cuttings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Landolphia parvifolia world distribution map, present in Angola, Burundi, Congo, Mozambique, Malawi, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Conservation status

Landolphia parvifolia threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:79675-1
WFO ID wfo-0000222844
COL ID 3S6Q9
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Pacouria parvifolia Landolphia parvifolia

Lower taxons

Landolphia parvifolia var. johnstonii Landolphia parvifolia var. parvifolia