Luzula campestris (L.) Dc.

Field woodrush (en), Luzule champêtre (fr), Luzule des champs (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Poales > Juncaceae > Luzula

Characteristics

Plants laxly tufted, 9--28(--40) cm tall. Stolons short. Stems terete, 0.8--1.5 mm in diam. Basal leaf blade 3--8 cm × 2--4 mm, margin sparsely ciliate, apex obtuse and with a thick callus. Cauline leaves 1 or 2; leaf blade pilose near juncture with leaf sheath. Inflorescence a cyme, with 3--7 heads; basal bract 1.5--2.5 cm; heads globose to hemispheric, 5--10(--12)-flowered; peduncles unequal. Pedicels very short, with 2 bracts at base; bracteoles broadly ovate, ca. 2 × 1.4 mm. Perianth segments reddish brown to chestnut brown, lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, 3--4 × 1--1.5 mm, subequal. Filaments 0.4--0.5 mm; anthers 1.8--2.2 mm. Style ca. 1.1 mm, longer than ovary; stigmas ca. 2 mm. Capsule chestnut brown, trigonous globose to trigonous obovoid, 2.5--3 mm. Seeds oblong, 1.1--1.3 mm; appendage basal, 0.4--0.6 mm. Fl. May--Jun, fr. Jun--Jul. 2 n = 12.
More
Rhizomes conspicuous. Stolons short, slender. Culms not cespitose, decumbent, 10--20 cm. Leaves: basal leaves few, 2.5--15 cm x 4 mm, apex callous, pilose. Inflorescences racemose; glomerules 2--6, central glomerules sessile or all congested, not cylindric; peduncles straight, divergent as much as 90°, to 3 cm; proximal inflorescence bract dark, often purplish, leaflike. Flowers: tepals dark reddish, shining, with wide clear margins and apex, (apex acuminate, midrib extending as awned tip), 3--3.5 mm; outer and inner whorls equal; anthers ca. 2--6 times filament length; stigmas ± equal to style. Capsules brown, shining, (usually lighter than tepals), conspicuously shorter than to nearly equal to tepals; (beak obvious). Seeds reddish, globose, 1--1.3 mm; caruncle to 1/2 seed length. 2n = 12.
Tufted perennial up to 60 cm. high; stolons sometimes present.. Cataphylls present.. Leaves up to 30 cm. long and 6 mm. wide; basal leaves with blunt hardened tips; cauline leaves with acute tips, or blunt and hardened; margins hairy.. Peduncle leafy.. Inflorescence taller than the leaves, compound, branched; flowers in capitula; lower bracts leaf-like, margins hairy; upper bracts scarious, usually not much laciniate; each flower subtended by a bract and 2 bracteoles.. Perianth-segments lanceolate, 2–3 mm. long, pale buff to blackish-purple.. Stamens 6.. Capsule ± ovoid, mucronate.. Seeds 1.2–2.5 mm. long, tailed.
Grass-like, loosely tufted, stoloniferous or rhizomatous. Leaves (1)-2-3 mm wide, < stems, bright green, soft and flaccid, with long silky hairs scattered along margins, tip obtuse. Flowering stems 5-15-(30) cm high, slender, often drooping. Inflorescence of 3-6, few-flowered oblong clusters ± 5 mm diam. on slender drooping peduncles. Flowers 3-3.5 mm long, not close-set, with bases of flowers and rhachis between them visible; tepals very dark brown with brownish membranous margins. Stamens 6; anthers 2-6 times longer than filaments. Capsule < tepals, greenish-brown. Seeds with conspicuous white caruncle.
Plants only loosely cespitose, with short but evident rhizomes or stolons; anthers mostly 1–1.5 mm long and 2–4 times as long as the filament; seed-body globular; 2n=12; otherwise much like no. 5 [Luzula multiflora (Retz.) Lej.]. Native of Europe, casually intr. in disturbed habitats at least in Mass. and perhaps elsewhere.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination anemogamy
Spread myrmecochory
Mature width (meter) 0.1 - 0.5
Mature height (meter) 0.1 - 0.3
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) 0.1
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Light 1-8
Soil humidity 3-5
Soil texture 4-5
Soil acidity 2-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 6-8

Usage

Uses medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by divisions or seedlings.
Mode divisions seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -23
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Luzula campestris habit picture by marie dhaussy (cc-by-sa)
Luzula campestris habit picture by dewara (cc-by-sa)
Luzula campestris habit picture by Kriz David (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Luzula campestris leaf picture by Birgit Leppert (cc-by-sa)
Luzula campestris leaf picture by dewara (cc-by-sa)
Luzula campestris leaf picture by dewara (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Luzula campestris flower picture by Michel Rohrer (cc-by-sa)
Luzula campestris flower picture by Souppe K. (cc-by-sa)
Luzula campestris flower picture by jean-francois DAVID (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Luzula campestris fruit picture by lisl (cc-by-sa)
Luzula campestris fruit picture by Tristan Jaton-Maria (cc-by-sa)
Luzula campestris fruit picture by Fero Looxi (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Luzula campestris world distribution map, present in Albania, Andorra, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Belarus, Brazil, Canada, Switzerland, Chile, China, Czech Republic, Germany, Denmark, Algeria, Spain, Estonia, Finland, France, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Georgia, Greece, Croatia, Hungary, India, Italy, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Latvia, North Macedonia, Malta, Myanmar, Montenegro, Netherlands, Norway, New Zealand, Pakistan, Poland, Portugal, Réunion, Romania, Russian Federation, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, Ukraine, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:443746-1
WFO ID wfo-0000777662
COL ID 3WHDQ
BDTFX ID 40237
INPN ID 106818
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Juncus campestris Luzula campestris Luzula subpilosa Luzula campestris f. collina Luzula insularis Luzula campestris f. hornemannii Juncoides campestre Luzula subpilosa Luzula campestroides Luzula vulgaris Gymnodes campestris Juncoides campestris Cyperella campestris Luciola campestris Juncus subpilosus Luzula campestris var. collina Luzula campestris subsp. iberica Luzula campestris var. insularis Luzula campestris subsp. longistyla Luzula campestris var. luteola Luzula campestris var. pumila Luzula campestris var. rectirama Luzula campestris var. terana Luzula campestris var. major Luzula campestris var. pseudonemorosa Luzula campestris var. welwitschii Luzula campestris var. erectiuscula Luzula campestris var. tenella Luzula campestris var. elata Luzula campestris var. campestris Juncoides campestris var. vulgaris Luzula campestris var. vulgaris

Lower taxons

Luzula campestris subsp. campestris