Mucuna gigantea (Willd.) Dc.

Seabean (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Fabales > Fabaceae > Mucuna

Characteristics

Large climbing woody vines. Stems glabrous or with sparse fine adpressed hairs. Leaves 12-27 cm; petiole 6-14 cm, glabrous or with fine adpressed hairs; stipels linear, 3-5 mm; leaflets thinly papery, glabrous or with sparse short adpressed hairs, lateral veins 4-6 pairs, gently curved; terminal leaflet usually elliptic-ovate, sometimes rhombic or ovate, 7-16 × 4-8.5 cm, base rounded, apex indistinctly shortly acuminate; lat­eral leaflets 7-11 × 4.5-8 cm, ratio of abaxial to adaxial halves ca. 2.2:1, base rounded and oblique or slightly cordate. Inflo­rescences axillary but usually arising from rather old stems, 8-25 cm, with up to 6 nodes all clustered in upper 1/4, lower part of inflorescence without flowers or scars; bracts lanceolate to elliptic, 3-5 mm, caducous; bracteoles ovate-lanceolate, 16-18 × 5-7 mm, persistent to well-developed bud stage; ultimate peduncles and pedicels of varying lengths, 5-20 mm, progres­sively shorter near apex forming a corymb, with abundant short fine pale pubescence. Calyx with short fine pale pubescence and abundant caducous irritant bristles; tube 8-12 × 11-15 mm; lobes short and broad, lowest (1-)2-3 mm (only ca. 1/3 tube length), laterals 1-2 mm. Corolla white, tinged green, yellow, or pale pink; standard large relative to keel size, 2-3(-3.8) cm; wings 2.8-4.4 cm × 8-10 mm, slightly shorter or longer than keel; keel 3-4.2 cm. Legume oblong, 7-14 × 3-5.5 cm, ca. 5 mm thick, leathery, sparsely fine hairy and with irritant bristles, later glabrous, also ornamented with close fine raised reticulate venation giving pitted appearance, both margins thickened to prominent ribs and with pair of wings 0.5-1 cm wide. Seeds 1-3, dark brown or black, 2.3-3 × 2-2.5 cm, 8-10 mm thick; hilum black, length 2/3-3/4 of seed circumference.
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Large woody liane attaining 8–15 m. in length.. Stems at first covered with stiff orange-brown hairs, later glabrescent.. Leaflets elliptic or ovate, the laterals oblique, 4·2–11·5 cm. long, 2·2–7·5 cm. wide, acuminate and markedly apiculate at the apex, rounded at the base, glabrous; petiole 4·7–12 cm. long; rhachis 1·8–3·5 cm. long; petiolules 5 mm. long.. Inflorescences mostly from the thick lower stems; rhachis 3–6 cm. long; peduncle 4–22 cm. long; secondary branches 2–7 mm. long, silvery pubescent; pedicels 1–2·5 cm. long; bracts oblong, 7 mm. long, 2·5 mm. wide; bracteoles deciduous, oblong, 1·4 cm. long, 4 mm. wide.. Calyx covered with fine grey pubescence and also long deciduous orange-brown bristles; tube 7–11 mm. long; lobes 2–3 mm. long, the upper lip scarcely emarginate.. Standard pale creamy-green, white or pale lilac, eventually turning black, round, (2–)2·5–3·5 cm. long, (1·6–)2·2–2·6 cm. wide, with very sparse orange bristly hairs, particularly outside at top of claw; wings and keel similarly coloured, (3–)3·7–4·6 cm. long.. Pods stipitate, oblong or oblong-elliptic, 8–15·3 cm. long, 3·5–5(–6·4) cm. wide, 1–1·9 cm. thick, margins with 2 wings, densely covered with stiff intensely irritant orange-brown bristles.. Seeds brown densely mottled with black, discoid, the faces convex, smooth, longest dimension 2·5–2·9 cm., shorter dimension 2·1–2·5 cm., thickness 1·2–1·4 cm.; hilum extending around the seed-margin for ± three-quarters of the circumference.
Large woody liane attaining 8-15 m in length. Stems at first covered with stiff orange-brown hairs, later glabrescent. Leaflets 4.2-11.5 x 2.2-7.5 cm, elliptic or ovate, the laterals oblique, acuminate and markedly apiculate at the apex, rounded at the base, glabrous; petiole 4.7-12 cm long; rhachis 1.8-3.5 cm long; petiolules 5 mm long. Inflorescences mostly from the thick lower stems; rhachis 3-6 cm long; peduncle 4-22 cm long; secondary branches 2-7 mm long, silvery pubescent; pedicels 1-2.5 cm long; bracts 7 x 2.5 mm, oblong; bracteoles 14 x 4 mm, oblong, deciduous. Calyx covered with fine grey pubescence and also long deciduous orange-brown bristles; tube 7-11 mm long; lobes 2-3 mm long, the upper lip scarcely emarginate. Standard pale creamy-green, white or pale lilac, eventually turning black, (2)2.5-3.5 x (1.6)2.2-2.6 cm, round, with very sparse orange bristly hairs, particularly outside at top of claw; wings and keel similarly coloured, (3)3.7-4.6 cm long. Pods stipitate, 8-15.3 x 3.5-5(6.4) x 1-1.9 cm, oblong or oblong-elliptic, margins with 2 wings, densely covered with stiff intensely irritant orange-brown bristles. Seeds brown, densely mottled with black, 2.5-2.9 x 2.1-2.5 x 1.2-1.4 cm, discoid, the faces convex, smooth; hilum extending around the seed-margin for ± three-quarters of the circumference.
A vigorous climbing plant. It keeps growing from year to year. It is woody with coarse rough stems. It looses its leaves during the year. The leaves have 3 leaflets which are smooth and broad and oval. The 2 side leaflets are not equal on either side of their midribs. The leaflet blade is 10-14 cm long by 5-8 cm wide. They are dark green above and paler underneath. The veins are prominent and the tip is pointed. The leaf stalk is 4.5-12 cm long. The flowers are large and green to yellow and like pea flowers. They are 3-5 cm long. They occur in groups of 3 and these are part of larger clusters. The flower stalks are 10-30 cm long and in the axils of leaves on old stems. The flowers hang downwards. The fruit is a broad, flat, woody pod. It is 8-15 cm long by 3-5 cm wide. It is prominently winged along the side. The pod has prickly hairs. There are 2-6 seeds which are round and reddish brown. They are 2-3 cm across.
Standard pale creamy-green, white or pale lilac, eventually turning black, (2)2.5–3.5 × (1.6)2.2–2.6 cm, round, with very sparse orange bristly hairs, particularly outside at top of claw; wings and keel similarly coloured, (3)3.7–4.6 cm long.
Inflorescences mostly from the thick lower stems; rhachis 3–6 cm long; peduncle 4–22 cm long; secondary branches 2–7 mm long, silvery pubescent; pedicels 1–2.5 cm long; bracts 7 × 2.5 mm, oblong; bracteoles 14 × 4 mm, oblong, deciduous.
Leaflets 4.2–11.5 × 2.2–7.5 cm, elliptic or ovate, the laterals oblique, acuminate and markedly apiculate at the apex, rounded at the base, glabrous; petiole 4.7–12 cm long; rhachis 1.8–3.5 cm long; petiolules 5 mm long.
Seeds brown, densely mottled with black, 2.5–2.9 × 2.1–2.5 × 1.2–1.4 cm, discoid, the faces convex, smooth; hilum extending around the seed-margin for ± three-quarters of the circumference.
Pods stipitate, 8–15.3 × 3.5–5(6.4) × 1–1.9 cm, oblong or oblong-elliptic, margins with 2 wings, densely covered with stiff intensely irritant orange-brown bristles.
Calyx covered with fine grey pubescence and also long deciduous orange-brown bristles; tube 7–11 mm long; lobes 2–3 mm long, the upper lip scarcely emarginate.
Stems at first covered with stiff orange-brown hairs, later glabrescent.
Large woody liane attaining 8–15 m in length.
Life form perennial
Growth form
Growth support climber
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 10.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer rhizobia
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Bushland, forest edges, riverine and coastal moist forests, coastal scrub, river banks; usually by water; often extending to the foreshore; usually at elevations from sea level to 300 metres, but is also found at elevations up to 1,800 metres inland.
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A tropical and subtropical plant. Plants grow naturally in monsoon vine forests. Often they are near the sea. They need well-drained soil. They can stand slight frosts. In Africa it grows up to 1,800 m altitude. It can grow in arid places.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The seeds can be eaten but must be cooked first.
Uses food material medicinal poison
Edible leaves pods seeds
Therapeutic use Laxative (fruit), Laxative (unspecified), Aphrodisiac (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seed. The seed need treatment to help them to grow. Seeds can float for long periods by water.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 21 - 90
Germination temperacture (C°) 18 - 23
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Mucuna gigantea unspecified picture

Distribution

Mucuna gigantea world distribution map, present in Angola, American Samoa, Australia, Bangladesh, China, Cook Islands, Comoros, Fiji, Indonesia, India, Japan, Kenya, Kiribati, Sri Lanka, Madagascar, Myanmar, Northern Mariana Islands, Mozambique, Mauritius, Malaysia, Niue, Philippines, Papua New Guinea, Réunion, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Seychelles, Thailand, Tonga, Taiwan, Province of China, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, United States of America, Viet Nam, Vanuatu, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:509198-1
WFO ID wfo-0000182437
COL ID 44HMQ
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 447202
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Mucuna gigantea Dolichos giganteus Stizolobium giganteum Dolichos gigantea Carpopogon giganteum Negretia gigantea Stizolobium giganteum Carpogon giganteus

Lower taxons

Mucuna gigantea subsp. quadrialata Mucuna gigantea subsp. gigantea Mucuna gigantea subsp. tashiroi