Mucuna Adans.

Mucuna (en)

Genus

Angiosperms > Fabales > Fabaceae

Characteristics

Vines, perennial or annual, woody or herbaceous. Leaves pinnately 3-foliolate; stipules usually caducous; stipels sometimes caducous; leaflets large. Inflorescences axillary or on old stems, condensed panicles or often compound pseudoracemes through reduction of ultimate peduncles to small knobs, usually with 3 flowers. Flowers large and beautiful; bracts small or caducous. Calyx campanulate, 5-lobed, upper 2 lobes connate into a broad lip. Corolla dark purple, red, light green, or almost white, usually dark when dry, longer than calyx; standard usually shorter than wings and keel, with stipe, with 2 auricles at base; wings oblong or ovate, inflexed, usually attached to keel; keel petals partially connate along lower margin, slightly longer than or equal to wings, apex in­flexed with horny, often hooked, apical beak. Vexillary stamen free; anthers dimorphic, usually with beard, longer 5 almost basifixed, shorter 5 dorsifixed. Ovary 1-to many ovuled; style filiform, inflexed, sometimes hairy, without beard; stigma small, capitate. Leg­ume ovoid, oblong, or linear, swollen around seeds or laterally flattened, margin often winged, surface often ribbed or ornamented with winglike lamellae sometimes simple or divided into 2 wings along their distal margins (T-shaped in cross section), often clothed with red-brown irritant bristles, dehiscent; valves thick. Seeds reniform, orbicular, or elliptic; hilum linear; strophiole absent.
More
Climbing herbs, woody lianes or rarely erect shrubs. Leaves pinnately 3-foliolate; stipules deciduous; stipels often present. Inflorescences axillary, subumbellate, falsely racemose or condensed paniculate; bracts and bracteoles deciduous. Flowers showy, purple, red or greenish-yellow. Calyx 4–5-lobed, 2-lipped, the upper pair of lobes connate to form an entire or bifid lip. Standard rounded, with inflexed auricles at the base, usually much shorter than the other petals; keel-petals usually horny at the apex. Vexillary stamen free; 5 larger anthers subbasifixed, alternating with 5 shorter versatile or dorsifixed anthers, often barbate. Ovary few-ovuled; style long, filiform, sometimes pubescent but not bearded, bent; stigma small and terminal. Pods or fruits ovoid, oblong or linear, the valves thick, often ribbed, frequently covered with irritant bristles, septate or filled between the seeds, mostly dehiscent but sometimes not opening. Seeds either globose or oblong, with a short or linear hilum and conspicuous rim-aril, or larger, discoid, with an elongated hilum occupying over half the circumference and no aril present.
2's and 3's on an expanded portion of the peduncle. Flowers showy, the calyx campanulate, often with irritating hairs, the upper teeth connate, the lower 3 usually unequal; corolla with the standard shorter than the wings, the wings with margins basally ciliate, the keel narrow, apically falcate and indurate; stamens diadelphous, the upper stamen free, the filaments alternately thick and thin, long and short, the anthers sometimes pilose; ovary tomentose, the short stipe sur-rounded by a glandular disc, the style slender, glabrous or pubescent, the stigma capitate, sometimes of a tuft of hairs. Legume oblong, thick or flattened, the margins often winged, undulate between the seeds and somewhat compressed laterally between the seeds, the surface sometimes lamellate with parallel or irregular raised lamellae which may form elongate enations, mostly densely cov-ered with stiff irritating hairs, tardily dehiscent; seeds flat or convex, discoid, the hilum narrow around more than 1/2 the periphery.
High climbing woody vines. Leaves pinnate trifoliolate, the lateral leaflets oblique; stipels scale-like; stipules often caducous. Inflorescences axillary ra-cemes, the peduncles often elongate and the pedicels subumbellate, at least in bud, bracts often subfoliaceous, enclosing the bud, caducous; pedicels arising in
Seeds either globose or oblong, with a short or linear hilum and conspicuous rim aril, or larger, discoid, with an elongated hilum occupying over half the circumference and no aril present.
Pods ovoid, oblong or linear, the valves thick, often ribbed, frequently covered with irritant bristles, septate or filled between the seeds, mostly dehiscent but sometimes not opening.
Standard rounded, with inflexed auricles at the base, usually much shorter than the other petals; keel petals usually horny at the apex.
Vexillary stamen free; 5 larger anthers subbasifixed, alternating with 5 shorter versatile or dorsifixed anthers, often barbate.
Inflorescences axillary, subumbellate, falsely racemose or condensed paniculate; bracts and bracteoles deciduous.
Ovary few-ovuled; style long, filiform, sometimes pubescent but not bearded, bent; stigma small and terminal.
Calyx 4–5-lobed, 2-lipped, the upper pair of lobes connate to form an entire or bifid lip.
Flowers showy, white, purple, red or greenish-yellow to golden-yellow or almost black.
Leaves pinnately 3-foliolate; stipules deciduous; stipels often present.
Climbing herbs, woody lianes or rarely erect shrubs.
Life form
Growth form herb
Growth support -
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) -
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer rhizobia
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 6-12

Usage

Uses breeding coffee substitute cover crop cover plant experimental purposes fodder food forage leaf vegetable manure medicinal pharmaceutical industry
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) 21 - 90
Germination temperacture (C°) 18 - 23
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Mucuna unspecified picture

Distribution

Mucuna world distribution map, present in China, Panama, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331783-2
WFO ID wfo-4000024941
COL ID 5VJX
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 445679
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Zoophthalmum Mucuna Carpopogon Cacuvallum Labradia Marcanthus Negretia Stizolobium

Lower taxons

Mucuna argyrophylla Mucuna rostrata Mucuna holtonii Mucuna mollis Mucuna mutisiana Mucuna gigantea Mucuna sloanei Mucuna stans Mucuna urens Mucuna killipiana Mucuna sempervirens Mucuna macrocarpa Mucuna bodinieri Mucuna pacifica Mucuna manongarivensis Mucuna paniculata Mucuna championii Mucuna interrupta Mucuna hainanensis Mucuna lamellata Mucuna cyclocarpa Mucuna calophylla Mucuna bracteata Mucuna monosperma Mucuna revoluta Mucuna stenoplax Mucuna thailandica Mucuna aurea Mucuna atropurpurea Mucuna canaliculata Mucuna curranii Mucuna diplax Mucuna discolor Mucuna lamii Mucuna macrophylla Mucuna reticulata Mucuna samarensis Mucuna schlechteri Mucuna stanleyi Mucuna tomentosa Mucuna macrobotrys Mucuna sericophylla Mucuna urens Mucuna brachycarpa Mucuna kawakabuti Mucuna japira Mucuna sumbawaensis Mucuna subumbellata Mucuna membranacea Mucuna imbricata Mucuna macropoda Mucuna mindorensis Mucuna mitis Mucuna pachycarpa Mucuna pallida Mucuna neocaledonica Mucuna glabra Mucuna elmeri Mucuna toppingii Mucuna elliptica Mucuna humblotii Mucuna gracilipes Mucuna oligoplax Mucuna incurvata Mucuna flagellipes Mucuna analuciana Mucuna cajamarca Mucuna klitgaardiae Mucuna tapantiana Mucuna pseudoelliptica Mucuna chiapaneca Mucuna aimun Mucuna eurylamellata Mucuna havilandii Mucuna kabaenensis Mucuna papuana Mucuna sakapipei Mucuna verdcourtii Mucuna ecuatoriana Mucuna angustifolia Mucuna argentea Mucuna globulifera Mucuna guangxiensis Mucuna laticifera Mucuna mooneyi Mucuna yadaviana Mucuna sanjappae Mucuna persericea Mucuna jarocha Mucuna coriacea Mucuna warburgii Mucuna diabolica Mucuna glabrialata Mucuna diabolica Mucuna acuminata Mucuna atropurpurea Mucuna biplicata Mucuna cuatrecasasii Mucuna imbricata Mucuna hirtipetala Mucuna ferox Mucuna poggei Mucuna pesa Mucuna acuminata Mucuna longipedunculata Mucuna mollissima Mucuna flagellipes Mucuna monticola Mucuna occidentalis Mucuna hooglandii Mucuna platyplekta Mucuna novoguineensis Mucuna platyphylla Mucuna bennettii Mucuna biplicata Mucuna birdwoodiana Mucuna keyensis Mucuna kostermansii Mucuna melanocarpa Mucuna reptans Mucuna pruriens