Pennisetum unisetum Benth.

Species

Angiosperms > Poales > Poaceae > Pennisetum

Characteristics

Tufted perennial; culms typically robust, 0.6–4 m. high, 2–15 mm. diameter at base.. Leaf-blades broadly linear to linear-lanceolate, mostly 20–60 cm. long, (5–)10–30 mm. wide, often falsely petiolate.. Panicles numerous, axillary, slender, 2–4 cm. long, gathered into a copious leafy false panicle; rhachis with rounded ribs and distinct peduncle-stumps, minutely pubescent; involucre reduced to a single bristle beneath each spikelet; bristle glabrous, (2.5–)7–40 mm. long, often purplish.. Spikelets narrowly elliptic, 2–3 mm. long; glumes 0.2–0.5 mm. long, truncate, emarginate or obtuse, rarely the upper subacute and up to 0.8 mm.; lemmas as long as the spikelet, membranous, scaberulous, the lower barren.
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Tufted, robust perennial, 0.9-2.4 m high. Leaf blade 200-450 x 5-10 mm, broadly linear to linear lanceolate; ligule a fringe of hairs. Inflorescence a compound false panicle, branches filiform, usually in groups of 2-5; rachis ribs rounded, involucral stumps distinct, minutely hairy; involucre reduced to a single bristle 3-4x as long as spikelet, glabrous, scabrid. Spikelet 2.5-3.5 x 1 mm; glumes ± equal, rarely unequal, 0.2-0.5(-0.8) mm long. Florets 2; lower floret male or sterile, lemma as long as spikelet, membranous, scaberulous to minutely hairy; upper floret bisexual; anther 1.2-1.5 mm long, without tuft of hairs at apex. Flowering time Mar.-June.
Tufted robust perennial 900-2 400 mm high. Leaf blade 200-450 x 5-10 mm, broadly linear to linear lanceolate; ligule a fringe of hairs. Inflorescence an axillary, compound, leafy, false panicle; branches filiform, usually in groups of 2-5; rachis ribs rounded, involucral stumps distinct, minutely hairy; involucre reduced to a single bristle 3-4 x as long as spikelet, glabrous, scabrid. Spikelet 2.5-3.5 x 1 mm; glumes 0.2-0.5(-0.8) mm long, obtuse to emarginate rarely subacute; lemmas as long as spikelet, membranous, scaberulous to minutely hairy; anthers 1.2-1.5 mm long, without tuft of hairs at apex.
Panicles 2–4 cm. long, slender, axillary and gathered into a copious false inflorescence; rhachis with rounded ribs and distinct peduncle stumps, minutely pubescent; involucre reduced to a single bristle subtending each spikelet; bristle (2.5)7–40 mm. long, glabrous.
Perennial, tufted, up to 2.4 m high. Leaf blades 200-450 mm long, 5-10 mm wide. Spikelets 2.5-3.5 mm long, 1 mm wide. Inflorescence a compound panicle, branches filiform, usually in groups of 2-5; spikelets subtended by a single bristle 3-4 times as long as spikelet.
A grass. It forms tufts and keeps growing from year to year. It grows 3.5 m high. The stalks are 1.5 cm across. The leaves are firm and taper to the tip.
Glumes 0.2–0.5 mm. long, obtuse to emarginate, or rarely the superior up to 0.8 mm. long and subacute.
Leaf laminae (5)10–30 cm. wide, broadly linear to linear-lanceolate, often falsely petiolate.
Culms 0.6–4 m. high, typically robust and 2–15 mm. in diam. at the base.
Lemmas as long as spikelet, membranous.
Spikelets 2–3 mm. long.
Perennial.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.9 - 3.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c4

Environment

A tropical plant. It grows in deciduous woodland and wooded savannah in shady places from the lowlands to the mountains in West Africa.
Light -
Soil humidity 10-12
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) -

Usage

The seeds are eaten as a cereal. They are also used to make an alcoholic drink. Caution: Alcohol is a cause of cancer.
Uses -
Edible seeds
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Pennisetum unisetum world distribution map, present in South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:415287-1
WFO ID wfo-0000889224
COL ID 76LB2
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 672533
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Beckeropsis uniseta Pennisetum unisetum