Pleiocarpa pycnantha Stapf

Species

Angiosperms > Gentianales > Apocynaceae > Pleiocarpa

Characteristics

Tree 1.5–20(–30) m high; trunk 2–50 cm in diameter; bark smooth or slightly rough, pale to dark grey; wood hard, durable.. Leaves opposite or in whorls of 3–5, petiolate; blade narrowly elliptic to oblong, rarely obovate, 4–23 cm long, 1.1–8 cm wide, apex acute to acuminate with acumen 4–12 mm long, cuneate at the base or decurrent intothe petiole; petiole 5–20 mm long.. Inflorescence axillary, rarely terminal, 10–30(–40)-flowered; pedicels 1–3 mm long.. Flowers white, fragrant or not; sepals broadly ovate to elliptic, up to 2.5 mm long; corolla white to orange-yellow; tube greenish white, 6.2–10.5 mm long; lobes ovate or elliptic to suborbicular, 1.3–4.5(–4.8) mm long, up to 3.5 mm wide; stamens inserted 4.6–8(–9.5) mm from the base; pistil glabrous, 4.6–8.6(–9.7) mm long; pistil head ellipsoid to ovoid.. Fruits yellow, subglobose to pyriform, sometimes stipitate, 13–23(–30) mm long, up to 24 mm in diameter; seeds ellipsoid to oblong, 6.5–13.5×4.5–9.5×2–4 mm.. Fig. 13 (p. 40).
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Leaves thinly coriaceous, opposite or in whorls of 3–5, completely glabrous; petiole 3–20 mm. long, angled, often narrowly winged almost to the base by a continuation of the lamina; lamina (4)6–13·5 x (1·3)2·2–5·5 cm., elliptic to obovate or narrowly obovate, the apex cuspidate with short rounded acumen or acute with rounded tip, the base attenuate; upper surface glossy, with all nerves raised (midrib both prominent and channelled); lower surface paler and mat, all nerves raised; lateral nerves ± parallel, 2–4 mm. apart, joining near the margin in a neatly looped vein; edge of leaf forming little pleats when pressed flat.
Corolla tube 5–8 mm. long, narrowed in the middle, glabrous externally, pubescent internally in upper half, hairs longest just below the anthers; corolla lobes 2–4 x 1·5–2·5 mm., elliptic, glabrous, not strongly overlapping.
An evergreen shrub or tree 1·5–30 m. tall; bark grey, smooth or slightly scaly; slash whitish, cream or pale brown with darker yellow striations, brownish yellow beneath, yielding milky latex; branches subsarmentose.
Gynoecium 4–6·5 mm. long; ovary c. 1 mm. long, cylindrical, glabrous, of 2 free carpels each containing 1–4 ovules; style slender, flattened; clavuncle 2-lobed; stigma reduced to a flat region at apex of clavuncle.
Fruit comprising 2 clavate mericarps 7–20 x 4·5–18 mm., pale green to orange when ripe, each containing 1 or 2 salmon-pink seeds.
Flowers white, fragrant, in dense axillary fascicles on new and old wood; pedicels up to 1 mm. long, glabrous.
Stamens inserted 4-6 mm. above base of corolla tube; filaments minute, anthers 0·5–1 mm. long.
Young twigs glabrous, angled, sometimes with verticillate branching-pattern.
Calyx 1·5–2 mm. long; sepals ovate, free, glabrous.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 5.0 - 20.0
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Flower color
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Fruit color
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Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Understorey of rainforest, gallery forest and montane forest, also in more open secondary formations; at elevations up to 2,300 metres.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
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Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses environmental use material medicinal social use wood
Edible roots
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
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Distribution

Pleiocarpa pycnantha world distribution map, present in Angola, Burundi, Benin, Central African Republic, Cameroon, Congo, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Mozambique, Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, South Sudan, Togo, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Conservation status

Pleiocarpa pycnantha threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:81144-1
WFO ID wfo-0000276286
COL ID 4K6CN
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Hunteria pycnantha Pleiocarpa bagshawei Pleiocarpa breviloba Pleiocarpa flavescens Pleiocarpa micrantha Pleiocarpa microcarpa Pleiocarpa swynnertonii Pleiocarpa tubicina Pleiocarpa welwitschii Hunteria breviloba Pleiocarpa pycnantha var. tubicina Pleiocarpa pycnantha