Pleocnemia C.Presl

Caudex usually erect, sometimes to 30 cm or more tall but with little sclerotic tissue; fronds commonly 150-300 cm long; bases of stipes covered with thin narrow dull brown scales, their edges entire or with short teeth formed by the projecting wall between adjacent cells; vascular strands in stipe more numerous than in Tectaria, with additional small accessory strands outside the ring which is present in Tectaria, and additional large strands on the adaxial side also; lamina bipinnatifid to bipinnate-tripinnatifid (or at base tripinnate), basal pinnae with greatiy enlarged basiscopic lobes or pinnules; rachises with very short septate hairs on their raised upper surfaces; pinnae and pinnules ± deeply lobed, with a tooth projecting out of the plane of the lamina in each sinus between two lobes; veins always forming a narrow costal areole, lacking free veinlets within it, between the bases of costules (whether of pinna-or pinnule-lobes) and often similar areoles along costules (the outer veins of costal areoles never joining the costa at their distal ends as normally in Tectaria), with additional anastomosis of veins forming ± isodiametric areoles below the sinuses and external to costular areoles where space allows, rarely with short free veinlets in them; sori variously placed on free or anastomosing veins, round, indusiate or not (indusia reniform where present); thick glandular hairs, spherical, clavate or cylindrical, yellow or red, present at the ends of hairs on the stalks of sporangia, often also on the lower surface of costules and veins.