Rhododendron indicum (L.) Sweet

Species

Angiosperms > Ericales > Ericaceae > Rhododendron

Characteristics

Densely branched shrub, up to 2 m, usually low, sometimes prostrate. Branches slender, but rigid, with flattened, appressed, chestnut-brown hairs. Leaves crowded, persistent, narrow-lanceolate to oblanceolate, acute at the ends, with scattered, closely appressed red-brown hairs on both faces, usually remotely crenulate-serrulate and ciliolate, 1.8-3.6 by 0.3-1 cm; petiole densely clothed with appressed chestnut-brown hairs, 1-4 mm. Floral winter buds ovoid, pointed, not viscid; outer perulae ciliate but otherwise glabrous or with a tuft of brown hairs at the apex. Inflorescence 1-2-flowered. Pedicels with strigose brown hairs, hidden by the perulae, 3-5 mm. Calyx lobes oval or suborbicular, obtuse, densely strigose and ciliate, 2-3 mm. Corolla broad-funnel-shaped, 5-6 cm long and wide, bright red to scarlet, sometimes rose-red or salmon, with oval rounded lobes. Stamens 5, ± as long as the corolla; filaments glabrous. Ovary densely clothed with appressed shining brown hairs; style glabrous, exceeding the stamens. Capsule oblong-ovoid, c. 6 mm, densely strigose.
More
Shrubs, semievergreen, 1–2 m tall; branches many; young shoots densely red-brown strigose, glabrescent. Summer and winter leaves different. Petiole 2–4 mm, coarsely red-brown strigose; leaf blade papery, narrowly lanceolate or oblanceolate, 1.7–3.2(–4.5) × ca. 0.6 cm; base narrowly cuneate; margin sparsely and finely crenate-serrate; apex obtusely pointed; abaxial surface sparsely red-brown strigose; adaxial surface shiny-strigose. Inflorescence 1–3-flowered. Pedicel 0.6–1.2 cm, coarsely white strigose; calyx lobes elliptic-ovate or suborbicular, pale green, 2–3 × 1.5–2 mm, softly white-hairy; corolla broadly funnelform, bright red, occasionally rose-red, with dark red flecks, 3–4 × 3.7(–6) cm; tube ca. 13 mm, lobes broadly elliptic, 1.7–2 × ca. 1.6 cm; stamens 5, unequal, 1.6–2.2 cm, shorter than corolla, filaments puberulent at base; ovary ca. 3 mm, densely shiny brown strigose; style 2.3(–4.5) cm, longer than stamens, glabrous. Capsule oblong-ovoid, 6–8 mm, densely red-brown strigose. Fl. May–Jun.
An evergreen shrub. It grows 90 cm high and spreads 60 cm wide. It has many branches. It can almost lie along the ground. The leaves are shiny and dark green. The wild plant usually has red flowers. They are a broad funnel shape. They occur singly or in pairs.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 1.0
Mature height (meter) 1.5 - 2.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) 0.3
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Rocks in ravines. Sunny rocks along rivers; at elevations from 60-1,100 metres.
More
It is a temperate plant. It suits hardiness zones 6-9.
Light 4-6
Soil humidity 3-6
Soil texture 3-6
Soil acidity 2-4
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 7-9

Usage

Uses environmental use medicinal
Edible flowers leaves
Therapeutic use Bronchitis (unspecified), Rheumatism (unspecified), Sedative (unspecified), Toxemia (unspecified), Antidote (unspecified), Neuralgia (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seeds and by cuttings.
Mode cuttings graftings seedlings
Germination duration (days) 50 - 90
Germination temperacture (C°) 12 - 15
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Rhododendron indicum leaf picture by Chee Keong Chan (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Rhododendron indicum flower picture by Chee Keong Chan (cc-by-sa)
Rhododendron indicum flower picture by ぱぱらぱ (cc-by-sa)
Rhododendron indicum flower picture by nacanaca (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Rhododendron indicum world distribution map, present in China, Honduras, Japan, Mexico, Myanmar, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), and Taiwan, Province of China

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1137397-2
WFO ID wfo-0000400687
COL ID 796RX
BDTFX ID 56043
INPN ID 117683
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Azalea crispiflora Azalea burgeri Azalea danielsiana Azalea decumbens Azalea indica Azalea macrantha Azalea obtusa Enkianthus biflorus Rhododendron decumbens Rhododendron breynii Rhododendron danielsianum Rhododendron lateritium Rhododendron hannoense Rhododendron obtusum Rhododendron macranthum Azalea calycina Rhododendron indicum