Rhododendron lapponicum (L.) Wahlenb.

Lapland rosebay (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Ericales > Ericaceae > Rhododendron

Characteristics

Shrubs, to 0.5(-0.7) m, rhizomatous. Stems prostrate to erect; bark ± smooth to vertically furrowed, shredding; twigs with straw-colored to ferruginous, multicellular, broad-rimmed, peltate scales and unicellular-hairy. Leaves persistent; petiole with broad-rimmed, glandular-peltate scales; blade oblong-elliptic to elliptic, ovate, or obovate, 0.4-2(-2.5) × 0.2-0.7 (-0.9) cm, coriaceous, margins entire, plane to revolute, with broad-rimmed scales, apex obtuse to rounded or mucronate, surfaces with conspicuous, straw-colored or golden to ferruginous, broad-rimmed, glandular-peltate scales and unicellular-hairy abaxially. Floral bud scales ferruginous-lepidote, sometimes also unicellular-hairy abaxially, margins ± ciliate, unicellular and multicellular, elongate eglandular-hairy. Inflorescences fasciculate racemes, 3-6-flowered; bracts similar to bud scales. Pedicels 2.5-14 mm, with ferruginous scales and often unicellular-hairy. Flowers opening before development of leaves, erect to horizontal, fragrant; calyx lobes 0.5-2 mm, with ferruginous scales and unicellular-hairy, margins ciliate, unicellular and multicellular eglandular-hairy; corolla rose to purple, sometimes white, without blotch, broadly funnelform, (6.5-)7.5-14(-15) mm, glabrous on outer surface, petals connate (for 3/4+ their lengths), lobes 4.5-8.5 mm, tube gradually expanding into lobes, 1.5-6.5 mm; stamens 5-10, slightly exserted, ± unequal, 7-13 mm; filaments glabrous or proximally unicellular-hairy. Capsules borne on erect pedicels, 4-7 × 2-3 mm, with ferruginous, peltate scales and unicellular-hairy. Seeds without distinct tails; testa closely appressed. 2n = 26, 52.
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Small, much-branched prostrate or erect shrubs, 0.2–0.45(–1) m tall. Petiole 1.5–4 mm, scaly; leaf blade oblong-elliptic, ovate-elliptic to oblong-obovate, 0.4–1.5(–2.5) × 0.2–0.5(–0.9) cm; base broadly cuneate; apex obtuse or rounded, mucronate; abaxial surface fawn to reddish brown, scales contiguous or overlapping, 2-colored, pale brown or ferruginous, nearly equal in number and intermixed; adaxial surface pale green, matt, densely scaly. Inflorescence (2–)3–5(–6)-flowered. Pedicel 0.3–1.2 cm, scaly; calyx reddish or purple; lobes (0.5–) 1–2 mm, deltoid or rounded, persistent in fruit, scaly, margin ciliate and rarely scaly; corolla broadly funnelform, violet rose to purple or rarely white, (0.65–)0.7–1.3(–1.6) cm, tube (1.5–) 2–5(–6) mm, outer surface glabrous, throat pubescent; stamens 5–10, filaments pubescent towards base; ovary ca. 1.2 mm, densely scaly; style 1.1–1.5 cm, longer than stamens, glabrous. Capsule cylindric-ovate, 3–6 mm, densely scaly. Fl. May–Jul, fr. Sep–Oct.
Freely branched low shrub 1–3 dm, sometimes depressed and forming loose mats; lvs leathery, evergreen, elliptic, 10–15 mm, densely lepidote, especially beneath; fls few in a terminal, umbel-like cluster, bright purple, campanulate, 1.5 cm wide; stamens 5–10; fr 5 mm; 2n=26, 52. Circumboreal, s. to the higher mts. of N. Engl. and N.Y., and rarely to c. Wis. June.
A shrub. It is erect or can lie over. It has many branches. It grows 30 cm high. It keeps its leaves throughout the year. The leaves are leathery and dark green above but rusty coloured with hairs underneath. The flowers are purple and have a faint scent.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 1.0
Mature height (meter) 0.3 - 0.9
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 0.6
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Rocky barrens and sub-alpine woods. Arctic regions, mountain tundra, bogs, peat or moss lands, clayey soils, other damp places; at elevations from sea level to 1,900 metres. Often found on limestone.
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It grows in alpine and subarctic regions. It grows on open stony or gravelly tundra. It grows on non-acid rocks. In north China it grows in damp places between sea level and 1,900 m above sea level.
Light 3-6
Soil humidity 3-5
Soil texture 5-7
Soil acidity 1-5
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-5

Usage

Uses -
Edible flowers leaves
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) 50 - 90
Germination temperacture (C°) 12 - 15
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -35
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Rhododendron lapponicum leaf picture by Bianca Legault (cc-by-sa)
Rhododendron lapponicum leaf picture by Judith Ouellet (cc-by-sa)
Rhododendron lapponicum leaf picture by Tor Sverre Fuglestein (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Rhododendron lapponicum flower picture by Judith Ouellet (cc-by-sa)
Rhododendron lapponicum flower picture by msfabulousnyc (cc-by-sa)
Rhododendron lapponicum flower picture by Michael Vicedom (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Rhododendron lapponicum world distribution map, present in Canada, China, Finland, Greenland, Japan, Liberia, Mongolia, Norway, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), Sweden, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1039541-2
WFO ID wfo-0000399947
COL ID 4SG7N
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Azalea parvifolia Azalea ferruginosa Rhododendron parvifolium Rhododendron confertissimum Rhododendron palustre Azalea lapponica Rhododendron lapponicum subsp. parvifolium Rhododendron parvifolium subsp. confertissimum Rhododendron lapponicum