Sinningia incarnata (Aubl.) D.L.Denham

Species

Angiosperms > Lamiales > Gesneriaceae > Sinningia

Characteristics

Herbs or somewhat suffruticose; tuber woody, to 8 cm in diam., ca. 4 cm thick; stems erect, to 1 m tall, green or reddish with reddish longitudinal lines in the internodes, villous, especially toward the apex, with patent and appressed hairs, the internodes to 10 cm long; branches numerous, but often short. Leaves opposite, oblong, obovate, or elliptic, 4.5-9.5 cm long, 1-4 cm wide, thickened from dense vestiture, the apex acute, the base attenuate into the petiole or acute, crenate, above green, densely villous or hirsute, with broad based trichomes, below lighter or yellowish green, more densely pubescent; petioles 1-4 cm long, villous. Inflorescernces axillary, but appearing racemiform and terminating the stem, leafy below, the leaves reduced to bracts above; peduncles 1-5 short or lacking; bracts 2, small; pedicels ca. 1 cm long, elongating in fruit, ascending, green or reddish, villous. Flowers showy; calyx campanulate, green or reddish, the tube 3-4 mm long, ca. 7 mm wide, the lobes broadly triangular, erect, 4-7 mm long, 2-5 mm wide, the apex acute, pilose and glandular on both sides; corolla red or red orange outside, often yellowish within, the tube 3-4 cm long, the base gibbous, ca. 7 mm wide, then narrowing to ca. 4 mm wide, broader at the middle, before narrowing just below the limb, the outside hirsute, the inside glabrous, the limb oblique, bilabiate, the upper lobes united, erect, ca. 1 cm long and wide, the lateral and the basal lobes somewhat reflexed, ca. 2 mm long, ca. 7 mm wide; stamens nearly equalling the upper corolla lobes, the filaments curved, adnate to the base of the corolla tube, 3-4 cm long, glabrous to pubescent, the anthers coherent at the apices, 1.5-2.5 mm long; disc glands 4 or 5, with 2 posterior glands large and connate; ovary conic, pubescent, the style curved, equalling the stamens, pilose. Capsules ovoid, ca. 1 cm long, apex acuminate; seeds fusiform or oblong, ca. 1 mm long, light brown, striate, twisted. Chromosomes n = 13 (as Rechsteineria warszewiczii from cultivation; Clayberg, 1967).
More
Terrestrial herb or subshrub, to 1 m tall. Stem sappy becoming subwoody, erect, pubescent to villous, especially towards apex. Leaves equal or subequal in a pair; petiole 0.1-4 cm long, villous; blade papyraceous when dry, oblong, obovate, or elliptic, 2.5-9.5 x 1-4 cm, margin crenate, apex acute, base attenuate into petiole or acute, above tomentose, below tomentose. Flowers 1-5, thyrsoid; peduncle very short or lacking, 0-0.2 cm long, pubescent; pedicel 0.5-4 cm long, pubescent to villous. Calyx campanulate, green or reddish, lobes connate at base, tube 0.3-1 cm, free portion of lobes erect, subequal, broadly triangular, 0.4-0.7 x 0.2-0.6 cm, margin entire, apex acute to acuminate, outside and inside pubescent to pilose and glandular; corolla erect in calyx, red or red-orange outside, 2.7-4.6 cm long, tube cylindric, 3-4 cm long, base dorsally gibbous, ca. 0.7 cm wide, middle broader, throat narrowed just below limb, 0.5-0.8 cm wide, outside pubescent to hirsute, inside glabrous, limb 1.2-2.0 cm wide, lobes unequal, upper lobes connate into a hood, erect, ca. 1 x 1 cm, margin entire, lateral lobes erect, rounded to truncate, 0.1-0.3 x 0.3-0.6 cm, margin entire, basal lobes erect, broadly rounded, ca. 0.2 x 0.4-0.6 cm, margin entire; stamens exserted, inserted at base of corolla tube; ovary conic, ca. 0.4 x 0.3 mm, pubescent, style ca. 4 cm long, pubescent to pilose, stigma stomatomorphic. Mature capsule brownish, ovoid, ca. 1 x 0.4-0.7 cm.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 1.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

It is a tropical plant.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Use: Parker s.n. (K) reports "the plant was used as a cephalic snuff".
Uses -
Edible fruits
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) 10 - 21
Germination temperacture (C°) 21
Germination luminosity light
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Flower

Sinningia incarnata flower picture by Jean-François Molino (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Sinningia incarnata world distribution map, present in Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Guatemala, French Guiana, Guyana, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, El Salvador, Suriname, and Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:237093-2
WFO ID wfo-0000497288
COL ID 4XKHG
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 733412
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Rechsteineria elliptica Rechsteineria warczewiczii Rechsteineria erubescens Rechsteineria chelonoides Corytholoma chelonoides Rechsteineria incarnata Sinningia warszewiczii Sinningia incarnata Fimbrolina incarnata Gesneria caracasana Gesneria chelonioides Gesneria flavescens Gesneria rutila Besleria incarnata Corytholoma ellipticum Corytholoma rutilum Corytholoma warscewiczii Gesnera eggersii Gesnera lehmannii Gesneria aurantiaca Gesneria erubescens Gesneria gollmeriana Gesneria gracilis Gesneria guianensis Gesneria sceptroides Gesneria schomburgkiana Gesneria stachydifolia Gesneria vargasii Gesneria warszewiczii Corytholoma gracile Rechsteineria flavescens Rechsteineria rutila Gesneria lindeniana Rechsteineria gollmeriana Rechsteineria aurantiaca Rechsteineria caracasana Corytholoma caracasanum Gesneria coccinea Gesneria elliptica Gesneria fragilis Gesneria elliptica var. lutea Rechsteineria vargasii Rechsteineria gracilis Rechsteineria faucidens var. parvifolia Corytholoma warszewiczii