Sisymbrium capense Thunb.

Species

Angiosperms > Brassicales > Brassicaceae > Sisymbrium

Characteristics

Erect herbs up to 1 m high with 1 or more annual or biennial stems from the perennial woody base. Stems patently grey hairy in the lower part, less dense higher up, only rarely completely glabrous. Lower leaves subrosulate, long-petiolate, up to 20 cm long and 6 cm broad, broadly lanceolate in outline, variously pinnately lobed with up to 12 pairs of lobes; lobes opposite or alternate, often pointing backwards, mostly broad, obtuse, dentate, occasionally acute, longer and sharply dentate; patently hairy on both or only the lower surface, glabrescent, occasionally glabrous. Stem leaves smaller, shortly petiolate with fewer, smaller and narrower lobes and less hairy; uppermost leaves usually quite glabrous, often sessile, ± lobed or dentate to subentire, lanceolate or linear-lanceolate Racemes dense, corymbose at first, lax, elongate in fruit; rhachis glabrous or sparsely hairy. Sepals 3.8-5.5 mm long, linear-oblong, glabrous or at first sparsely hairy; the outer 2 cucullate, frequently slightly horn-tipped. Petals 6-8 mm long, 1.5-2.5 mm broad, spathapula or oblanceolate, broadly clawed. Ovary linear, glabrous; ovules ±80-110; stigma capitate. Fruiting pedicles 0.4-1.5 cm long, ascending, slender, all glabrous or the lower ones sparsely hairy. Siliquae 4-8.5 cm long, 0.8-1 mm in diameter, subterete, linear-filiform, erect; valves 3-nerved, rounded, glabrous, slightly bulged by the seeds; style 0.5-3 mm long or stigma subsessile. Seeds in ±1 row, 0.9-1.4 x 0.5-0.6 mm obliquely ellipsoid, only slightly compressed.
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Perennial herb, up to 1 m high. Stems erect, annual or biennial from woody base; patently, greyish hairy in lower parts, less dense higher up. Leaves with basal ones subrosulate, long-petiolate, narrowly ovate, 200 x 6 mm, margins pinnately lobed, lobes opposite or alternate, often pointing backwards, apices obtuse; stem leaves shortly petiolate, fewer, smaller, narrower lobes, upper leaves sessile, glabrous, lobed or dentate. Flowers: in dense, corymbose racemes, elongating in fruit, ebracteate; rachis glabrous or sparsely hairy; petals spathulate or narrowly obovate, 6-8 x 1.5-2.5 mm, yellow; Oct.-Apr. Fruit with pedicels ascending, slender; siliquae linear-filiform, 40-85 x 0.8-1.0 mm, glabrous. May hybridise with S. turczaninowii.
Annual herb, 0.3-1.0 m high, erect. Stems grey-hairy in lower part, less dense higher up. Leaves: lower leaves subrosulate, petiolate, pinnately lobed, lobes opposite or alternate, hairy on both or only lower surface, glabrescent, lanceolate, dentate; cauline leaves petiolate, lobes smaller, fewer, narrower, less hairy, uppermost ones glabrous, sessile, lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, lobed or dentate to subentire. Inflorescence a raceme. Sepals linear-oblong, glabrous or sparsely hairy. Petals spathulate or oblanceolate, clawed, yellow. Flowering time all year. Fruit a siliqua, subterete, linear-filiform, slightly bulged by seed. Seeds ellipsoid.
A cabbage family herb. The stems are erect and hairy. It grows 1 m tall. It can grow for one or two years. The leaves are hairy. The lower leaves are broadly sword shaped and almost in a ring. They have lobes along the stalk. The leaves on the stem are smaller with less lobes. The flowers are small and yellow. They are 6-8 mm long. The fruit are oblong seed capsules. The seeds are narrowly oval and flattened.
Perennial, up to 1 m tall, stems pubescent with simple grey hairs, shooting from woody base. Leaves crowded below, pinnatifid, with up to 12 pairs of lobes. Flowers subcorymbose, yellow. Fruit erect, subterete, 40-85 x 0.8-1 mm.
Grey-hairy perennial with annual stems to 1 m from a woody base. Leaves crowded below, pinnatifid. Flowers subcorymbose, yellow. Fruits erect, subterete.
Life form
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 1.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

It is a subtropical plant.
Light -
Soil humidity 1-8
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) -

Usage

The young leaves are cooked as a potherb. The leaves can be dried and stored.
Uses medicinal potherb
Edible leaves
Therapeutic use Potherb (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Sisymbrium capense world distribution map, present in South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:289241-1
WFO ID wfo-0001217121
COL ID 6Z4JF
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Sisymbrium argutum Hesperis capensis Hesperis exasperata Sisymbrium marlothii Sisymbrium montanum Sisymbrium exasperatum Sisymbrium capense Hesperis promontorii