Sisymbrium loeselii L.

Small tumbleweed mustard (en), Sisymbre de loesel (fr), Sisymbre de Loesel (fr), Vélar de loesel (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Brassicales > Brassicaceae > Sisymbrium

Characteristics

Annuals; densely hispid at least proximally. Stems erect, branched distally, (2-)3.5-12 (-17.5) dm, often densely hispid proximally, (trichomes retrorse), usually glabrous distally. Basal leaves rosulate; petiole 1-4(-5) cm; blade broadly oblanceolate (in outline), (1.5-)2.5-8(-12) cm × (10-)20-50(-70) mm, margins runcinate to lyrate-pinnatifid; lobes 2-4 on each side, much smaller than terminal lobe, margins entire or dentate, (terminal lobe triangular, often hastate). Cauline leaves similar to basal; blade (much smaller than basal, to 1.5 cm wide), margins entire or toothed. Fruiting pedicels divaricate or ascending, slender, narrower than fruit, 5-12(-15) mm. Flowers: sepals ascending, oblong, 3-4 × 1-1.5 mm; petals spatulate, 6-8 × 2-3 mm, claw 2.5-3.5 mm; filaments 3-4.5 mm; anthers ovate, 0.6-1 mm. Fruits (ascending to suberect, young fruits not overtopping flowers), narrowly linear, curved or straight, subtorulose, slender, 2-3.5(-5) cm × 0.9-1.1 mm; valves often glabrous; ovules 40-60 per ovary; style stout, 0.3-0.7 mm; stigma prominently 2-lobed. Seeds 0.7-1 × 0.5-0.6 mm. 2n = 14.
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Herbs annual, (20-)35-120(-175) cm tall. Stems erect, branched above, usually densely hispid below with retrorse trichomes, usually glabrous above. Basal leaves rosulate; petiole 1-4(-5) cm; leaf blade broadly oblanceolate in outline, runcinate-to lyrate-pinnatifid, (1.5-)2.5-8(-12) × (1-)2-5(-7) cm; lateral lobes 2-4 on each side of midvein, much smaller than terminal, entire or dentate; terminal lobe triangular, often hastate. Uppermost cauline leaves entire or toothed, much smaller than basal. Fruiting pedicels divaricate or ascending, slender, narrower than fruit, 0.5-1.2(-1.5) cm. Sepals oblong, ascending, 3-4 × 1-1.5 mm. Petals yellow, spatulate, 6-8 × 2-3 mm; claw subequaling sepals. Filaments yellowish, erect, 3-4.5 mm; anthers oblong, ca. 1 mm. Ovules 40-60 per ovary. Fruit narrowly linear, stout, terete, 2-3.5(-5) cm × 0.9-1.1 mm, curved or straight; valves often glabrous, slightly torulose; style stout, 0.3-0.7 mm; stigma prominently 2-lobed; septum slightly membranous. Seeds oblong, 0.7-1 × 0.5-0.6 mm, inserted in depressions of septum. Fl. May-Sep, fr. Jun-Oct. 2n = 14.
Erect, 5–12 dm, the stem generally reflexed-hirsute below; lower lvs lyrate-pinnatifid and dentate, usually hirsute, the lateral segments triangular to ovate, acute, spreading or deflexed, the terminal one larger, triangular; infl elongating progressively, the fls and buds overtopping the frs; sep 3–4 mm; pet lemon-yellow, 5–8 mm; anthers ca 1.5 mm; mature pedicels divergent, 5–20 mm; frs ascending to erect, slender, terete, 1.5–4 cm; 2n=14. Native of se. Europe and w. Asia, occasionally found in our range, and becoming a weed in w. U.S. June–Aug.
A cabbage family herb. It grows each year from seed. The stem is erect and 1 m tall. The leaves are divided into triangle shaped lobes. These have teeth along the edge. The flowers are bright yellow and at the top of the plant. The pod is 3.5 cm long and contains small seeds.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread barochory
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.5 - 1.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Valleys, river banks, fields, roadsides, pastures, waste grounds, prairies, disturbed sitesand railroad tracks at elevations of 300-2800 metres in western China.
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It is a temperate plant. In NW India it grows between 2,200-2,800 m above sea level.
Light 4-9
Soil humidity 1-6
Soil texture 3-6
Soil acidity 3-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-9

Usage

The leaves are used in salads. They are also cooked as a vegetable.
Uses medicinal
Edible leaves
Therapeutic use Scrofula (unspecified), Scurvy (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Sisymbrium loeselii habit picture by joannah (cc-by-sa)
Sisymbrium loeselii habit picture by Ewa Zakrzeńska (cc-by-sa)
Sisymbrium loeselii habit picture by Konstantin Grandl (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Sisymbrium loeselii leaf picture by jforeigner jforeigner (cc-by-sa)
Sisymbrium loeselii leaf picture by Boris H. (cc-by-sa)
Sisymbrium loeselii leaf picture by Андрей Паринов (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Sisymbrium loeselii flower picture by Julia Vdovczyk (cc-by-sa)
Sisymbrium loeselii flower picture by Mathew March (cc-by-sa)
Sisymbrium loeselii flower picture by Confusioned (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Sisymbrium loeselii fruit picture by de Lucio (cc-by-sa)
Sisymbrium loeselii fruit picture by Alexander Baransky (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Sisymbrium loeselii world distribution map, present in Canada, China, France, India, Pakistan, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:237960-2
WFO ID wfo-0000432028
COL ID 4XS2D
BDTFX ID 64661
INPN ID 123849
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Sisymbrium hastifolium Crucifera loeselii Erysimum loesellii Hesperis decipiens Sisymbrium glabratum Nasturtium loeselium Sisymbrium decipiens Sisymbrium turcomanicum Turritis loeselii Leptocarpaea loeselii Hesperis loeselii Nasturtium loeselii Norta loeselii Erysimum loeselii Sisymbrium loeselii var. loeselii Sisymbrium loeselii var. brevicarpum Sisymbrium loeselii